Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
“Wind Theft” from Onshore Wind Turbine Arrays: Sensitivity to Wind Farm Parameterization and Resolution Pryor, S.; Shepherd, T.; Volker, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
A bird's-eye view on turbulence: seabird foraging associations with evolving surface flow features Lieber, L.; Langrock, R.; Nimmo-Smith, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Changes in Flow Birds, Seabirds
A critical review on environmental impacts of renewable energy systems and mitigation strategies: Wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal Sayad, E. ; Wilberforce, T.; Elsaid, K.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Attraction, Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States Williams, K.; Gulka, J.; Cook, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
A new seabed mobility index for the Irish Sea: Modelling seabed shear stress and classifying sediment mobilisation to help predict erosion, deposition, and sediment distribution Coughlan, M.; Guerrini, M.; Creane, S.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals Dobson, T.; Lenchine, V.; Bainbridge, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Environmental Impact Assessment
A Scheimpflug lidar used to observe insect swarming at a wind turbine Jansson, S.; Malmqvist, E.; Brydegaard, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Bats, Invertebrates
A synthesis review of nature positive approaches and coexistence in the offshore wind industry Pardo, J.; Aune, M.; Harman, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
A synthetic analysis of post-construction displacement and attraction of marine birds at offshore wind energy installations Lamb, J.; Gulka, J.; Adams, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement Birds
A three-dimensional model of terrain-induced updrafts for movement ecology studies Thedin, R.; Brandes, D.; Quon, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Bats, Birds
Accelerating deployment of offshore wind energy alter wind climate and reduce future power generation potentials Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Rockel, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Acoustic mirrors as sensory traps for bats Greif, S.; Zsebok, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Bats
Activity of Tree Bats at Anthropogenic Tall Structures: Implications for Mortality of Bats at Wind Turbines Jameson, J.; Willis, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Activity Pattern and Correlation between Bat and Insect Abundance at Wind Turbines in South Sweden de Jong, J.; Millon, L.; Håstad, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats, Invertebrates
Aggregation and Feeding Behaviour of Pouting (Trisopterus luscus) at Wind Turbines in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Reubens, J.; Degraer, S.; Vincx, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
An Eulerian perspective on habitat models of striped bass occurrence in an offshore wind development area Rothermel, E.; O'Brien, M.; Best, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement Fish, Pelagic Fish
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea Zburlea, L.; Rusu, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
An Evaluation of Wind Turbine-Induced Topographic Change in the Offshore Intertidal Sandbank Using Remote Sensing-Constructed Digital Elevation Model Data Zhang, D.; Zhang, H.; Zhou, Y.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
An Updated Review of Hypotheses Regarding Bat Attraction to Wind Turbines Guest, E.; Stamps, B.; Durish, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Noise Bats
Analysis of the Impact of Wind Farm Construction on the Marine Environment Lazuga, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
Answering the key stakeholder questions about the impact of offshore wind farms on marine life using hypothesis testing to inform targeted monitoring Cresci, A.; Degraer, S.; Zhang, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Anthropogenic disturbance facilitates a non-native species on offshore oil platforms Viola, S.; Page, H.; Zaleski, S.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Anthropogenic Mixing in Seasonally Stratified Shelf Seas by Offshore Wind Farm Infrastructure Dorrell, R.; Lloyd, C.; Lincoln, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Application of Monte Carlo and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Processes for ranking floating wind farm locations Díaz, H.; Teixeira, A.; Soares, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
Artificial hard-substrate colonisation in the offshore Hywind Scotland Pilot Park Karlsson, R.; Tivefälth, M.; Duranović, I.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Artificial reef design affects benthic secondary productivity and provision of functional habitat Rouse, S.; Porter, J.; Wilding, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Assessing bird avoidance of high-contrast lights using a choice test approach: implications for reducing human-induced avian mortality Goller, B.; Blackwell, B.; DeVault, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Lighting Birds
Assessing Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms: Lessons Learned and Recommendations for the Future Bailey, H.; Brookes, K.; Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae are attracted by low-frequency noise simulating that of operating offshore wind farms Cresci, A.; Zhang, G.; Durif, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Attraction of nocturnally migrating birds to artificial light: The influence of colour, intensity and blinking mode under different cloud cover conditions Rebke, M.; Dierschke, V.; Weiner, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Lighting Birds
Balancing future renewable energy infrastructure siting and associated habitat loss for migrating whooping cranes Ellis, K.; Pearse, A.; Brandt, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Bat Activity, Composition, and Collision Mortality At a Large Wind Plant in Minnesota Johnson, G.; Perlik, M.; Erickson, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Bat Deaths and Wind Turbines - A Review of Current Knowledge, and of the Information Available in the Database for Germany Durr, T.; Bach, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Bat fatalities at two wind farms in Tasmania, Australia: bat characteristics, and spatial and temporal patterns Hull, C.; Cawthen, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Bat Fatalities at Wind Farms in North-Eastern Greece Georgiakakis, P.; Kret, E.; Carcamo, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
Bat Fatality at a Wind Energy Facility in the Western Cape, South Africa Aronson, J.; Thomas, A.; Jordaan, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Bat flight height monitored from wind masts predicts mortality risk at wind farms Roemer, C.; Disca, T.; Coulon, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
Bat Mortalities at a Wind Energy Facility in North Dakota Bicknell, L.; Gilliam, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Bat Mortality and Activity at a Northern Iowa Wind Resource Area Jain, A.; Koford, R.; Hancock, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Bats
Bats are not birds and other problems with Sovacool's (2009) analysis of animal fatalities due to electricity generation Willis, C.; Barclay, R.; Boyles, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Attraction Birds, Bats
Behavior of Bats at Wind Turbines Cryan, P.; Gorresen, P.; Hein, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement Bats
Behavioral patterns of bats at a wind turbine confirm seasonality of fatality risk Goldenberg, S.; Cryan, P.; Gorresen, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Displacement Bats
Behavioral Responses of Bats to Operating Wind Turbines Horn, J.; Arnett, E.; Kunz, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Beneath the blades: Marine wind farms support parts of local biodiversity - a systematic review Knorrn, A.; Teder, T.; Kaasik, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning Rouse, S.; Lacey, N.; Hayes, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Biofouling: lessons from nature Bixler, G.; Bhushan, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Bird and Bat Species' Global Vulnerability to Collision Mortality at Wind Farms Revealed Through a Trait-Based Assessment Thaxter, C.; Buchanan, G.; Carr, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Bird Collisions at Wind Turbines in a Mountainous Area Related to Bird Movement Intensities Measured by Radar Aschwanden, J.; Stark, H.; Peter, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Passerines, Birds
Bird Migration Studies and Potential Collision Risk with Offshore Wind Turbines Hüppop, O.; Dierschke, J.; Exo, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Passerines
Bird Mortality at a Wind-Energy Facility near a Wetland of International Importance Grodsky, S.; Jennelle, C.; Drake, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds

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