Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Experimental Study on Influence of Pitch Motion on the Wake of a Floating Wind Turbine Model Rockel, S., Camp, E., Schmidt, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
A Comparison of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Benthic Habitat Mapping to Inform Offshore Wind Energy Development LaFrance, M., King, J., Oakley, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Ultrasonic Acoustic Deterrent for Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Turbines Arnett, E., Hein, C., Schirmacher, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Altering Turbine Speed Reduces Bat Mortality at Wind-Energy Facilities Arnett, E., Huso, M., Schirmacher, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats
Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments Copping, A., Hanna, L., Van Cleve, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Chemicals, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
The Potential Compatibility of Offshore Wind Power and Fisheries: An Example using Bluefin Tuna in the Adriatic Sea Fayram, A., Risi, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Threshold for Onset of Injury in Chinook Salmon from Exposure to Impulsive Pile Driving Sounds Halvorsen, M., Casper, B., Woodley, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Using a Shore Bird (Red Knot) Fitted with Geolocators to Evaluate a Conceptual Risk Model Focusing on Offshore Wind Burger, J., Niles, L., Porter, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Shorebirds, Birds
USA Wind Energy-Caused Bat Fatalities Increase with Shorter Fatality Search Intervals Smallwood, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats
Flight Height Distribution and Collision Risk of the Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus Marmoratus: Methodology and Preliminary Results Stumpf, J., Denis, N., Hamer, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals Miller, J., Potty, G., Raposa, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind EMF, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Wind Turbines and Coastal Recreation Demand Landry, C., Allen, T., Cherry, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Recreation & Tourism, Human Dimensions
Wind Energy Development and Wildlife Conservation: Challenges and Opportunities Kuvlesky, W. Jr., Brennan, L., Morrison, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Physical Environment, Birds
Taming Hurricanes with Arrays of Offshore Wind Turbines Jacobson, M., Archer, C., Kempton, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Coordination and Cooperation in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the US National Ocean Policy Maier, N. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Environmental activism and vertical‐axis wind turbine preferences in California Hui, I., Cain, B., Dabiri, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site Ingram, E., Cerrato, R., Dunton, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish
Perceptions of Commercial and Recreational Fishers on the Potential Ecological Impacts of the Block Island Wind Farm (US) ten Brink, T., Dalton, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Public acceptance of offshore wind power: does perceived fairness of process matter? Firestone, J., Kempton, W., Lilley, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Determining the dependence of marine pile driving sound levels on strike energy, pile penetration, and propagation effects using a linear mixed model based on damped cylindrical spreading Martin, S., Barclay, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise
Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms Pan, Y., Yan, C., Archer, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX): Observations of Surface-Layer, Boundary Layer, and Mesoscale Interactions with a Wind Farm Rajewski, D., Takle, E., Lundquist, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Changes in fluxes of heat, H2O, and CO2 caused by a large wind farm Rajewski, D., Takle, E., Lundquist, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Further evidence of impacts of large-scale wind farms on land surface temperature Walsh-Thomas, J., Cervone, G., Agouris, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Spatiotemporal Structure of Wind Farm-atmospheric Boundary Layer Interactions Cervarich, M., Roy, S., Zhou, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Simulating impacts of real-world wind farms on land surface temperature using the WRF model: physical mechanisms Xia, G., Zhou, L., Minder, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Detecting Wind Farm Impacts on Local Vegetation Growth in Texas and Illinois Using MODIS Vegetation Greenness Measurements Xia, G., Zhou, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Nonlocal Inadvertent Weather Modification Associated with Wind Farms in the Central United States Lauridsen, M., Ancell, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Characteristics of the soundscape before and after the construction of the Block Island Wind Farm Tripathy, A., Miller, J., Potty, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise
Effects of Wind Turbine Curtailment on Bird and Bat Fatalities Smallwood, K., Bell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Potential impacts of energy development on shrublands in western North America Pocewicz, A., Copeland, H., Kiesecker, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
Red bat fatality: Geographic extents through deuterium and niche models Murtaugh, R., Capparella, A., Kostelnick, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Columbian sharp‐tailed grouse nesting ecology: wind energy and habitat Proett, M., Roberts, S., Horne, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Wind in the sails or choppy seas?: People-place relations, aesthetics and public support for the United States’ first offshore wind project Firestone, J., Bidwell, D., Gardner, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions
Public views on renewable energy in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States: Distinct attitudes, exposure, and other key predictors of wind energy Olson-Hazboun, S., Krannich, R., Robertson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Media and policy in a complex adaptive system: Insights from wind energy legislation in the United States Smith, H., Smith, J., Silka, L. Journal Article Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Beauty in motion: Expectations, attitudes, and values of wind energy development in the rural U.S Fergen, J., Jacquet, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
A comparative assessment of proposed offshore wind power demonstration projects in the United States Bates, A., Firestone, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Microclimate effects of wind farms on local crop yields Kaffine, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Effects of wind turbine noise on the surrounding soundscape in the context of greater-prairie chicken courtship vocalizations Whalen, C., Brown, M., McGee, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm Takle, E., Rajewski, D., Purdy, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Effect of wind turbines on bird abundance: A national scale analysis based on fixed effects models Miao, R., Ghosh, P., Khanna, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Geographic context affects the landscape change and fragmentation caused by wind energy facilities Diffendorfer, J., Dorning, M., Keen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
A continuously updated, geospatially rectified database of utility-scale wind turbines in the United States Rand, J., Kramer, L., Garrity, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Rural wind farm development: Social, environmental and economic features important to local residents Groth, T., Vogt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S. Ryan, K., Bates, A., Gopnik, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Stakeholder Engagement, Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
A Mighty Wind: The Turbulent Times of America's First Offshore Wind Farm and the Inverse of Environmental Justice Marinakos, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Public attitudes of wind energy in Texas: Local communities in close proximity to wind farms and their effect on decision-making Swofford, J., Slattery, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Procedural justice in wind facility siting: Recommendations for state-led siting processes Ottinger, G., Hargrave, T., Hopson, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Using a new USA multi-region input output (MRIO) model for assessing economic and energy impacts of wind energy expansion in USA Fauray, F., Vunnava, V., Lenzen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data

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