Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
The Ecology of Benthopelagic Fishes at Offshore Wind Farms: A Synthesis of 4 Years of Research Reubens, J.; Degraer, S.; Vincx, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
A Sustainability Index of Potential Co-Location of Offshore Wind Farms and Open Water Aquaculture Benassai, G.; Mariani, P.; Stenberg, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions
An Integrated Visual Impact Assessment Model for Offshore Windfarm Development Depellegrin, D.; Blažauskas, N.; Egarter-Vigl, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Marine Mammals Trace Anthropogenic Structures at Sea Russell, D.; Brasseur, S.; Thompson, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes
Predicting the Large-Scale Consequences of Offshore Wind Turbine Array Development on a North Sea Ecosystem van der Molen, J.; Smith, H.; Lepper, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Ecosystem Processes
Mapping Seabird Sensitivity to Offshore Wind Farms Bradbury, G.; Trinder, M.; Furness, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Habitat Use and Selection of Black Scoters in Southern New England and Siting of Offshore Wind Energy Facilities Loring, P.; Paton, P.; Osenkowski, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Assessing Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms: Lessons Learned and Recommendations for the Future Bailey, H.; Brookes, K.; Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Chemicals, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Soaring Migratory Birds Avoid Wind Farm in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Southern Mexico Villegas-Patraca, R.; Cabrera-Cruz, S.; Herrera-Alsina, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds
Computationally Efficient Modelling of Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction of Offshore Wind Turbines on Gravity Footings Damgaard, M.; Andersen, L.; Ibsen, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Corridors for aliens but not for natives: effects of marine urban sprawl at a regional scale Airoldi, L.; Turon, X.; Perkol-Finkel, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Diel Variation in Feeding and Movement Patterns of Juvenile Atlantic Cod at Offshore Wind Farms Reubens, J.; Rijcke, M.; Degraer, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Renewables-To-Reefs? Decommissioning Options for the Offshore Wind Power Industry Smyth, K.; Christie, N.; Burdon, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Ecosystem Processes
Similar Diversity-Disturbance Responses to Different Physical Impacts: Three Cases of Small-Scale Biodiversity Increase in the Belgian Part of the North Sea De Backer, A.; Van Hoey, G.; Coates, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Enrichment and Shifts in Macrobenthic Assemblages in an Offshore Wind Farm Area in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Coates, D.; Deschutter, Y.; Vincx, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates
The Co-Location of Offshore Windfarms and Decapod Fisheries in the UK: Constraints and Opportunities Hooper, T.; Austen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Geological and Geotechnical Characterisation for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations: A Case Study of the Sheringham Shoal Wind Farm Le, T.; Eiksund, G.; Strom, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change
Repeated Mapping of Reefs Constructed by Sabellaria spinulosa Leuckart 1849 at an Offshore Wind Farm Site Pearce, B.; Farinas-Franco, J.; Wilson, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Succession and Seasonal Dynamics of the Epifauna Community on Offshore Wind Farm Foundations and their Role as Stepping Stones for Non-Indigenous Species De Mesel, I.; Kerckhof, F.; Norro, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Seabird Avoidance and Attraction at an Offshore Wind Farm in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Vanermen, N.; Onkelinx, T.; Courtens, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Do man-made structures and water depth affect the diel rhythms in click recordings of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)? Brandt, M.; Hansen, S.; Diederichs, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals
Environmental risk evaluation system—an approach to ranking risk of ocean energy development on coastal and estuarine environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Use of Anthropogenic Sea Floor Structures by Australian Fur Seals: Potential Positive Ecological Impacts of Marine Industrial Development? Arnould, J.; Monk, J.; Lerodiaconou, D.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Temporal Variation in Environmental Conditions and the Structure of Fish Assemblages around an Offshore Oil Platform in the North Sea Fujii, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Pelagic Fish, Fish, Demersal Fish
Impact Hypothesis for Offshore Wind Farms: Explanatory Models for Species Distribution at Extremely Exposed Rocky Areas Schläppy, M.; Saskov, A.; Dahlgren, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Bird Movements at Rotor Heights Measured Continuously with Vertical Radar at a Dutch Offshore Wind Farm Fijn, R.; Krijgsveld, K.; Poot, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Seabirds, Passerines, Birds
Offshore wind farm design with the Coral Reefs Optimization algorithm Salcedo-Sanz, S.; Gallo-Marazuela, D.; Pastor-Sánchez, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates

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