Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Fish densities associated with structural elements of oil and gas platforms in southern California Meyer-Gutbrod, E.; Kui, L.; Nishimoto, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Fish
Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Chemicals, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Taming Hurricanes with Arrays of Offshore Wind Turbines Jacobson, M.; Archer, C.; Kempton, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Experimental Study on Influence of Pitch Motion on the Wake of a Floating Wind Turbine Model Rockel, S.; Camp, E.; Schmidt, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Balancing future renewable energy infrastructure siting and associated habitat loss for migrating whooping cranes Ellis, K.; Pearse, A.; Brandt, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms Pan, Y.; Yan, C.; Archer, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX): Observations of Surface-Layer, Boundary Layer, and Mesoscale Interactions with a Wind Farm Rajewski, D.; Takle, E.; Lundquist, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Changes in fluxes of heat, H2O, and CO2 caused by a large wind farm Rajewski, D.; Takle, E.; Lundquist, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Further evidence of impacts of large-scale wind farms on land surface temperature Walsh-Thomas, J.; Cervone, G.; Agouris, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Spatiotemporal Structure of Wind Farm-atmospheric Boundary Layer Interactions Cervarich, M.; Roy, S.; Zhou, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Simulating impacts of real-world wind farms on land surface temperature using the WRF model: physical mechanisms Xia, G.; Zhou, L.; Minder, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Validation of a Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport Modeling Framework for the Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Jones, C.; Chang, G.; Magalen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Nonlocal Inadvertent Weather Modification Associated with Wind Farms in the Central United States Lauridsen, M.; Ancell, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Influence of Real‐World Wind Turbine Deployments on Local to Mesoscale Climate Pryor, S.; Barthelmie, R.; Shepherd, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm Takle, E.; Rajewski, D.; Purdy, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Offshore Wind Energy and Benthic Habitat Changes: Lessons from Block Island Wind Farm Hutchison, Z.; Bartley, M.; Degraer, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates
Multi-modal Approach for Benthic Impact Assessments in Moraine Habitats: a Case Study at the Block Island Wind Farm Guarinello, M.; Carey, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Can Large Wind Farms Affect Local Meteorology? Baidya Roy, S.; Pacala, S.; Walko, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Offshore wind farm effects on flounder and gadid dietary habits and condition on the northeastern US coast Wilber, D.; Brown, L.; Griffin, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Physical Environment
Development of a Video Trawl Survey System for New England Groundfish DeCelles, G.; Keiley, E.; Lowery, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Visual Impacts
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Effect of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines on Atmospheric Circulation in California Raghukumar, K.; Chartrand, C.; Chang, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Atlantic deepwater ecosystem observatory network: Patterns of acoustic backscatter and community structure of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Miksis-Olds, J.; Warren, J.; Blair, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Design, production, and validation of the biological and structural performance of an ecologically engineered concrete block mattress: A Nature-Inclusive Design for shoreline and offshore construction Sella, I.; Hadary, T.; Rella, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Surface impacts of large offshore wind farms Golbazi, M.; Archer, C.; Alessandrini, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Design, Production and Validation of the Biological and Structural Performance of an Ecologically Engineered Concrete Block Mattress – A Nature Inclusive Design for Shoreline and Offshore construction Sella, I.; Hadary, T.; Rella, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
An Analysis of the Efficacy of Four Artificial Reef Designs in Tropical Waters Brock, R.; Norris, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Impacts of 319 wind farms on surface temperature and vegetation in the United States Qin, Y.; Li, Y.; Xu, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site Ingram, E.; Cerrato, R.; Dunton, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning
Distribution and abundance of cetaceans in a wind energy development area offshore of Massachusetts and Rhode Island Stone, K.; Leiter, S.; Kenney, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Environmental risk evaluation system—an approach to ranking risk of ocean energy development on coastal and estuarine environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Forecasting the consequences of climate-driven shifts in human behavior on cetaceans Alter, S.; Simmonds, M.; Brandon, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Comparative migration ecology of striped bass and Atlantic sturgeon in the US Southern mid-Atlantic bight flyway Rothermel, E.; Balazik, M.; Best, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
Observations and Simulations of a Wind Farm Modifying a Thunderstorm Outflow Boundary Tomaszewski, J.; Lundquist, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Projected cross-shore changes in upwelling induced by offshore wind farm development along the California coast Raghukumar, K.; Nelson, T.; Jacox, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Offshore wind project-level monitoring in the Northeast U.S. continental shelf ecosystem: evaluating the potential to mitigate impacts to long-term scientific surveys Methratta, E.; Lipsky, A.; Boucher, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment

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