Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Integrated Environmental & Social Sensitivity Mapping: Guidance for Early Offshore Wind Spatial Planning World Bank Group Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for Commercial Wind Lease OCS-A 0499 Sullivan, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Protected Species Observer Technical Report for the Ørsted New England IHA, BOEM Lease Areas OCS-A 0486, OCS-A 0487, and OCS-A 0500; 2019–2020 Smultea, M.; Haase, P.; Hartin, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Final Underwater Noise Analysis of Cape Wind Energy Project ESS Group Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Integration of passive acoustic monitoring data into OBIS-SEAMAP, a global biogeographic database, to advance spatially-explicit ecological assessments Fujioka, E.; Soldevilla, M.; Read, A.; et al. Journal Article Seabirds, Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Birds
Predator attack rates and anti-predator behavior of side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) at Southern California wind farms, USA Keehn, J.; Feldman, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
An approach for evaluating changes in land-use from energy sprawl and other anthropogenic activities with implications for biotic resource management Wolaver, B.; Pierre, J.; Labay, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 1. Onshore: Potential Effects Perrow, M. Book Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals
Mammalian Mesocarnivore Visitation at Tortoise Burrows in a Wind Farm Agha, M.; Smith, A.; Lovich, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise, Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals, Reptiles
Report of the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria Lucke, K.; Winter, E.; Lam, F.; et al. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Updated Summary of Knowledge: Selected Areas of the Pacific Coast Kaplan, B.; Beegle-Krause, C.; McCay, D.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
New York Department of State Offshore Atlantic Ocean Study New York Department of State Report Fixed Offshore Wind Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fish, Birds
Modeling Wildlife Densities and Habitat Use Across Temporal and Spatial Scales on the Mid-Atlantic Continental Shelf: Annual Report for the First Budget Period Williams, K. Report Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Birds
Nest-Guarding by Female Agassiz's Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) at a Wind-Energy Facility Near Palm Springs, California Agha, M.; Lovich, J.; Ennen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Reptiles
A Characterization of Marine Mammals and Turtles in the Mid and North Atlantic Areas of the US Outer Continental Shelf Cetacean and Turtle Assessment Program Report Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Avoidance Responses of Loggerhead Turtles, Caretta caretta, to Low Frequency Sound O'Hara, J.; Wilcox, J. Journal Article Noise Reptiles
A global review of marine turtle entanglement in anthropogenic debris: a baseline for further action Duncan, E.; Botterell, Z.; Broderick, A.; et al. Journal Article Reptiles
Mid-Atlantic Marine Wildlife Surveys, Modeling, and Data: Workshop to Establish Coordination & Communication Brown-Saracino, J.; Smith, C.; Gilman, P. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Magnetic Orientation and Magnetoreception in Birds and Other Animals Wiltschko, R.; Wiltschko, W. Journal Article EMF Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Reptiles
Magnetic Orientation and Navigation in Marine Turtles, Lobsters, and Molluscs: Concepts and Conundrums Cain, S.; Boles, L.; Wang, J.; et al. Journal Article EMF Invertebrates, Reptiles
Hearing in the Giant Sea Turtle, Chelonia mydas Ridgway, S.; Wever, E.; McCormick, J.; et al. Journal Article Noise Reptiles
New York State Offshore Wind Master Plan: Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Study Ecology and Environment, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Z1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and ESA-Listed Fish Species CSA Ocean Sciences Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Environmental risk evaluation system—an approach to ranking risk of ocean energy development on coastal and estuarine environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
The State of the Science on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy Development: Workshop Proceedings Gulka, J.; Williams, K. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Sea Turtle Workgroup Report for the State of the Science Workshop on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy 2020: Cumulative Impacts Gitschlag, G.; Perry, R.; Williams, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Reptiles
Ectoparasite Load Is Reduced in Side-Blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana) at Wind Farms: Implications for Oxidative Stress Alaasam, V.; Keehn, J.; Durso, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Reptiles
Hearing in the Juvenile Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas): A Comparison of Underwater and Aerial Hearing Using Auditory Evoked Potentials Piniak, W.; Mann, D.; Harms, C.; et al. Journal Article Noise Reptiles
Biological Opinion for Vineyard Wind's Offshore Wind Energy Project National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles
A Framework for Studying the Effects of Offshore Wind Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles Kraus, S.; Kenney, R.; Thomas, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Quantifying the differences in avian attack rates on reptiles between an infrastructure and a control site Law, C.; Lancaster, L.; Hall, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Reptiles
Strategy for Protecting Whales and Sea Turtles & Ensuring Thriving Fisheries: Reducing the Risk of Entanglement in California Fishing Gear California Ocean Protection Council Report Marine Mammals, Reptiles
2014 Report on the Entanglement of Marine Species in Marine Debris with an Emphasis on Species in the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Marine Debris Program Report Entanglement Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations (2021 Revision) Horwath, S.; Hassrick, J.; Grismala, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Appendix III-M Supplemental Information for the Assessment of Potential Impacts to Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles During Construction, Operation, and Decommissioning of the Vineyard Wind Project Pyć, C.; Zeddies, D.; Denes, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Atlantic Marine Assessment Program for Protected Species Northeast Fisheries Science Center Website Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Underwater Visual Records of Marine Megafauna Around Offshore Anthropogenic Structures Todd, V.; Lazar, L.; Williamson, L.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles
Wind Energy Plants and Possible Effects on Samandağ Sea Turtles Yalçın-Özdilek, S.; Yalçın, S. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Reptiles
Risks to Birds and Wildlife from Offshore Wind Farms: BOEMRE NC Task Force Peterson, C. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Long-Term Post-Fire Effects on Spatial Ecology and Reproductive Output of Female Agassiz's Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at a Wind Energy Facility near Palm Springs, California, USA Lovich, J.; Ennen, J.; Madrak, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
Assessing the State of Knowledge of Utility-Scale Wind Energy Development and Operation on Non-Volant Terrestrial and Marine Wildlife Lovich, J.; Ennen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Effects of wind energy production on growth, demography, and survivorship of a desert tortoise population in Southern California with comparisons to natural populations Lovich, J.; Ennen, J.; Madrak, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
Nesting Ecology of a Population of Gopherus agassizii at a Utility-Scale Wind Energy Facility in Southern California Ennen, J.; Lovich, J.; Meyer, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
The Physics Of Geomagnetic-Field Transduction In Animals Winklhofer, M. Journal Article EMF Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 3: Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles
Use of Multiple Orientation Cues by Juvenile Loggerhead Sea Turtles, Caretta caretta Avens, L.; Lohmann, K. Journal Article EMF Reptiles
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) as a Novel Potential Predator of Agassiz's Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at a California Wind Energy Facility Lovich, J.; Delaney, D.; Briggs, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals, Reptiles
Turtles and Culverts, and Alternative Energy Development: An Unreported but Potentially Significant Mortality Threat to the Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) Lovich, J.; Ennen, J.; Madrak, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Entanglement Reptiles
Oceanic Habits and Habitats Caretta caretta Mansfield, K.; Putman, N. Book Chapter Reptiles

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