Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 3. Offshore: Potential Effects Perrow, M. Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 4. Offshore: Monitoring and Mitigation Perrow, M. Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Fish densities associated with structural elements of oil and gas platforms in southern California Meyer-Gutbrod, E.; Kui, L.; Nishimoto, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Fish
Effects of Offshore Pile Driving on Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Brandt, M.; Diederichs, A.; Betke, K.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Behavioral Reactions of Harbor Porpoise to Pile-Driving Noise Tougaard, J.; Kyhn, L.; Amundin, M.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Effects of Pile Driving on the Behavior of Cod and Sole Thomsen, F.; Mueller-Blenkle, C.; Gill, A.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Ormonde Offshore Wind Farm 2010 Construction Environmental Monitoring Report Saunders, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Noise Birds, Waterfowl, Marine Mammals
Negative Long Term Effects on Harbour Porpoises from a Large Scale Offshore Wind Farm in the Baltic - Evidence of Slow Recovery Teilmann, J.; Carstensen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Offshore Wind Farms and their Impact on Fish Abundance and Community Structure Stenberg, C.; Dinesen, G.; van Deurs, M.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Recovery of Barotrauma Injuries in Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from Exposure to Pile Driving Sound Casper, B.; Popper, A.; Matthews, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Threshold for Onset of Injury in Chinook Salmon from Exposure to Impulsive Pile Driving Sounds Halvorsen, M.; Casper, B.; Woodley, C.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Short- and Long-Term Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm on Three Species of Sandeel and their Sand Habitat van Deurs, M.; Grome, T.; Kaspersen, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Noise affects porpoise click detections – the magnitude of the effect depends on logger type and detection filter settings Clausen, K.; Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals
Artificial Reef Effect in Relation to Offshore Renewable Energy Conversion: State of the Art Langhamer, O. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment, Reptiles
Effect of Pile-Driving Playback Sound Level on Fish-Catching Efficiency in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Kastelein, R.; Huijser, L.; Cornelisse, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) Rose, A.; Brandt, M.; Vilela, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Upscaling positive effects of scour protection in offshore wind farms Coolen, J.; Lengkeek, W.; van der Have, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Hornsea Project Two Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Programme Ørsted Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Lighting Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Does the colonisation of offshore renewable energy farms facilitate the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species? Nexer, M.; Ben Rais Lasram, F.; Bourgougnon, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Measuring responses of harbour seals to potential aversive acoustic mitigation signals using controlled exposure behavioural response studies Gordon, J.; Blight, C.; Bryant, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Effects of impulsive noise on marine mammals: investigating range‐dependent risk Hastie, G.; Merchant, N.; Götz, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Assessing the Environmental Impact of Underwater Noise During Offshore Windfarm Construction and Operation Nedwell, J.; Mason, T.; Barham, R.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time Graham, I.; Merchant, N.; Farcas, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Reducing offshore pile driving noise: Modification of the hammer impulse Klages, E.; Von Pein, J.; Lippert, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Effect of impact pile driving noise on marine mammals: A comparison of different noise exposure criteria Stober, U.; Thomsen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Common Sole Larvae Survive High Levels of Pile-Driving Sound in Controlled Exposure Experiments Bolle, L.; de Jong, C.; Bierman, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms Defingou, M.; Bils, F.; Horchler, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Oil and gas platforms as artificial substrates for epibenthic North Sea fauna: Effects of location and depth Schutter, M.; Dorenbosch, M.; Driessen, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
An overview of fish bioacoustics and the impacts of anthropogenic sounds on fishes Popper, A.; Hawkins, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Benthic Monitoring During Wind Turbine Installation and Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island – Year 2 Bartley, M.; English, P.; King, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Physical Environment
Moray East Pre-Construction Survey Campaign Summary Report Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Behavioural responses in a congested sea: an observational study on a coastal nest-guarding fish Mascolino, S.; Mariani, S.; Benvenuto, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
The importance of underwater sounds to gadoid fishes Hawkins, A.; Picciulin, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Monitoring and Research Shortlist Offshore Wind - Knowledge advancements and follow up Boon, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Experimental assessment of the insertion loss of an underwater noise mitigation screen for marine pile driving Janßen, H.; de Jong, C.; Jung, B. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Pile Driving Noise Reduction Approaches Wochner, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Monitoring and Mitigation Alternatives for Protection of North Atlantic Right Whales during Offshore Wind Farm Installation Carlson, T.; Halvorsen, M.; Matzner, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Navigation
The Interaction of Pelagic, Migratory and Protected Fishes with Marine Renewable Energy Projects: Recent Studies and Knowledge Gaps Nelson, P. Presentation Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, EMF, Habitat Change Fish, Pelagic Fish
Adaptive surface distortions for torque ripple control in vertical-axis wind turbines Erfort, G.; von Backström, T.; Venter, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site Ingram, E.; Cerrato, R.; Dunton, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning
Request for advice about the displacement of marine mammals around operational offshore windfarms Alcock, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Anthropogenic Sound and Fishes Popper, A.; Hawkins, A.; Halvorsen, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Environmental Impact Assessment
Likely effects of construction of Scroby Sands offshore wind farm on a mixed population of harbour Phoca vitulina and grey Halichoerus grypus seals Skeate, E.; Perrow, M.; Gilroy, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Negative long term effects on harbour porpoises from a large scale offshore wind farm in the Baltic—evidence of slow recovery Teilmann, J.; Carstensen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Testing the acoustic tolerance of harbour porpoise hearing for impulsive sounds Lucke, K.; Lepper, P.; Blanchet, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Methodology for modeling and service life monitoring of mooring lines of floating wind turbines Pham, H.; Schoefs, F.; Cartraud, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Cod and Sole Behaviour in an Offshore Wind Farm Winter, E.; Aarts, G.; van Keeken, O. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
The use of seal scarers as a protective mitigation measure can induce hearing impairment in harbour porpoises Schaffeld, T.; Ruser, A.; Woelfing, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Impact of pile-driving on Hector's dolphin in Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand Leunissen, E.; Rayment, W.; Dawson, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans

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