Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Review of Environmental Data Associated with Post-Consent Monitoring of Licence Conditions of Offshore Wind Farms Marine Management Organisation (MMO) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Marine Mammals Trace Anthropogenic Structures at Sea Russell, D.; Brasseur, S.; Thompson, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes
Mapping Seabird Sensitivity to Offshore Wind Farms Bradbury, G.; Trinder, M.; Furness, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Assessing the Underwater Acoustics of the World's Largest Vibration Hammer (OCTA-KONG) and Its Potential Effects on the Indo-Pacific Humpbacked Dolphin (Sousa chinensis) Wang, Z.; Wu, Y.; Duan, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Understanding Bird Collisions at Wind Farms: An Updated Review on the Causes and Possible Mitigation Strategies Marques, A.; Batalha, H.; Rodrigues, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Habitat Use and Selection of Black Scoters in Southern New England and Siting of Offshore Wind Energy Facilities Loring, P.; Paton, P.; Osenkowski, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Assessing Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms: Lessons Learned and Recommendations for the Future Bailey, H.; Brookes, K.; Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Lake Michigan Offshore Wind Feasibility Assessment Boezaart, A.; Edmonson, J.; Standridge, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
Design and Initial Component Tests of an Integrated Avian and Bat Collision Detection System for Offshore Wind Turbines Flowers, J.; Albertani, R.; Harrison, T.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Study and Application of Underwater Noise Impact in Coastal Region off Western Taiwan Cheng, Y.; Lin, S.; Chang, Y.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Soaring Migratory Birds Avoid Wind Farm in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Southern Mexico Villegas-Patraca, R.; Cabrera-Cruz, S.; Herrera-Alsina, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds
Modelling Flight Heights of Marine Birds to More Accurately Assess Collision Risk with Offshore Wind Turbines Johnston, A.; Cook, A.; Wright, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
The Co-Location of Offshore Windfarms and Decapod Fisheries in the UK: Constraints and Opportunities Hooper, T.; Austen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Hearing frequencies of a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) temporarily affected by played back offshore pile driving sounds Kastelein, R.; Gransier, R.; Marijt, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Report of the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria Lucke, K.; Winter, E.; Lam, F.; et al. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Construction and Post-Construction Avian and Bat Monitoring Plan Block Island Wind Farm Deepwater Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment
Hornsea Offshore Wind Farm Final Environmental Assessment Horton, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Do man-made structures and water depth affect the diel rhythms in click recordings of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)? Brandt, M.; Hansen, S.; Diederichs, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals
Of birds, blades and barriers: Detecting and analysing mass migration events at alpha ventus Hill, R.; Hill, K.; Aumuller, R.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Marine mammals and windfarms: Effects of alpha ventus on harbour porpoises Dähne, M.; Peschko, V.; Gilles, A.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Avoidance Marine Mammals
Underwater construction and operational noise at alpha ventus Betke, K. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Avoidance Marine Mammals
Noise mitigation systems and low-noise installation technologies Verfuß, T. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Monitoring ship noise to assess the impact of coastal developments on marine mammals Merchant, N.; Pirotta, E.; Barton, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Environmental risk evaluation system—an approach to ranking risk of ocean energy development on coastal and estuarine environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
The challenges and possible solutions of horizontal axis wind turbines as a clean energy solution for the future Ahmed, N.; Cameron, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds
Marine Mammals of British Columbia Current Status, Distribution and Critical Habitats Ford, J.; Nichol, L. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
The Avoidance Rates of Collision Between Birds and Offshore Turbines Cook, A.; Humphreys, E.; Masden, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Measuring the Interaction Between Marine Features of Special Protection Areas with Offshore Wind Farm Development Sites Through Telemetry: Final Report Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Clark, N.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision Seabirds, Birds
Effects of Noise and By-Catch on a Danish Harbour Porpoise Population Nabe-Nielsen, J.; Sibly, R.; Tougaard, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Quantifying the Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Gannet Populations: A Strategic Ringing Project Furness, R.; Wanless, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Use of Population Viability Analysis (PVA) to Assess the Potential for Long Term Impacts from Piling Noise on Marine Mammal Populations - A Case Study from the Scottish East Coast De Silva, R.; Grellier, K.; Lye, G.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Avoidance Behaviour of Birds around Offshore Wind Farms: Overview of Knowledge Including Effects of Configuration Krijgsveld, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Characterization and Potential Impacts of Noise Producing Construction and Operation Activities on the Outer Continental Shelf: Data Synthesis Martin, B.; Zeddies, D.; MacDonnell, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Etude d’Impact Acoustique du Parc Eolien Offshore du Banc de Guérande, Saint-Nazaire, France Clorennec, D.; Folegot, T. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals

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