Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.

Enter terms to search for in all text fields
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
The Potential Compatibility of Designating Offshore Wind Farms within Wider Marine Protected Areas—Conservation of the Chinese White Dolphin Regarding Fishers’ Perception Jhan, H-T.; Lee, H-T.; Ting, K-H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Numerical Approximations Methods for Antenna Radiation Patterns for Motus Wildlife Tracking Systems Carlson, E.; Gobeille, D.; Deluca, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Floating Offshore Wind: Environmental Interactions Roadmap: Public Summary Report ORE Catapult; Xodus Group Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation
Unravelling the ecological impacts of large-scale offshore wind farms in the Mediterranean Sea Lloret, J.; Turiel, A.; Solé, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism
Environmental impact of renewable energy source based electrical power plants: Solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal, tidal, ocean, and osmotic Rahman, A.; Farrok, O.; Haque, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment, Social & Economic Data
National-scale impacts on wind energy production under curtailment scenarios to reduce bat fatalities Maclaurin, G.; Hein, C.; Williams, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Wind Farms and Power Lines Have Negative Effects on Territory Occupancy in Eurasian Eagle Owls (Bubo bubo) Husby, M.; Pearson, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Noise Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Potential impacts of floating wind turbine technology for marine species and habitats Maxwell, S.; Kershaw, F.; Locke, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Measuring and visualizing environmental and social impacts of wind energy projects Pian, A.; Verhoef, J.; De Vries, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions
Climate change effects on the ecophysiology and ecological functioning of an offshore wind farm artificial hard substrate community Voet, H.; van Colen, C.; Vanaverbeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Challenging dominant sustainability worldviews on the energy transition: Lessons from Indigenous communities in Mexico and a plea for pluriversal technologies Velasco-Herrejón, P.; Bauwens, T.; Friant, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment
Comparison of the Home Ranges of Mountain Hawk-Eagles During Different Phases of Wind Farm Construction Nishibayashi, N.; Kitamura, W.; Yoshizaki, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance Birds, Raptors
Responses of dispersing GPS-tagged Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) to multiple wind farms across Scotland Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Wind energy and its link to sustainability in developing countries Kabir, M.; Sree, N.; Khatod, K.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Visual Impacts
A two-fold increase in migration distance does not have breeding consequences in a long-distance migratory seabird with high flight costs Dufour, P.; Wojczulanis-Jakubas, K.; Lavergne, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental and seasonal correlates of capercaillie movement traits in a Swedish wind farm Kämmerle, J.; Taubmann, J.; Andrén, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Life-cycle impacts of wind energy development on bird diversity in Norway May, R.; Jackson, C.; Middel, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
A roadmap towards quantitative cumulative impact assessments: Every step of the way Piet, G.; Tamis, J.; Volwater, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Non-territorial GPS-tagged golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos at two Scottish wind farms: Avoidance influenced by preferred habitat distribution, wind speed and blade motion status Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Land-Based Wind Energy Siting: A Foundational and Technical Resource Christol, C.; Oteri, F.; Laurienti, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Modeling Small Scale Impacts of Multi-Purpose Platforms: An Ecosystem Approach Serpetti, N.; Benjamins, S.; Brain, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Spatial and temporal analysis of cumulative environmental effects of offshore wind farms in the North Sea basin Gusatu, L.; Menegon, S.; Depellegrin, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
A critical review on environmental impacts of renewable energy systems and mitigation strategies: Wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal Sayad, E. ; Wilberforce, T.; Elsaid, K.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Assessing the vulnerability of breeding bird populations to onshore wind-energy developments in Finland Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Valkama, J.; Byholm, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
U.S. Geological Survey Migratory Bird Science, 2020–21 Pearse, A.; Sherfy, M.; Wimer, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Physical Environment
Vineyard Wind 1 Offshore Wind Energy Project: Final Environmental Impact Statement Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Novel Application and Validation of a Method to Assess Visual Impacts of Rotating Wind Turbine Blades Within Woodland Areas Nopp-Mayr, U.; Kunz, F.; Suppan, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Visual Impacts
Integrating Social and Ecological Research on the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in North America ten Brink, T.; Dalton, T.; Livermore, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data
Wind energy facilities affect resource selection of capercaillie Tetrao urogallus Taubmann, J.; Kämmerle, J.; Andrén, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Noise Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Resource selection of apex raptors: implications for siting energy development in sagebrush and prairie ecosystems Squires, J.; Olson, L.; Wallace, Z.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Paint it black: Efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities May, R.; Nygård, T.; Falkdalen, U.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl
Greater Sage‐Grouse Response to the Physical Footprint of Energy Development Kirol, C.; Smith, K.; Graf, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Ecosystems, Pelagic Species and Fishing Negro, V.; del Campo, J.; Luengo Frades, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
Recovery of raptors from displacement by wind farms – a response Santos, C.; Marques, A.; May, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Raptors
Consistent effects of wind turbines on habitat selection of capercaillie across Europe Coppes, J.; Kämmerle, J.; Grunschachner-Berger, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Using radar technology to assess visual monitoring accuracy of Cape Vulture movements Becker, F.; Millikin, R.; Leslie, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Wind turbines cause functional habitat loss for migratory soaring birds Marques, A.,; Santos, C.; Hanssen, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Raptors
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland Workshop Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Breeding home range movements of pre-fledged brolga chicks, Antigone rubicunda (Gruidae) in Victoria, Australia – Implications for wind farm planning and conservation Cook, S.; Palmer, G.; Hill, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A long‐term assessment of raptor displacement at a wind farm Dohm, R.; Jennelle, C.; Garvin, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Raptors
Persistence and spatial distribution of Black Grouse in east Alpine wind farms: a contribution to the "wind power versus black grouse protection" debate in Austria Brunner, H.; Friedel, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
The impact of wind energy facilities on grouse: a systematic review Coppes, J.; Braunisch, V.; Bollmann, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning Rouse, S.; Lacey, N.; Hayes, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Estimating Potential Costs of Cumulative Barrier Effects on Migrating Raptors: A Case Study Using Global Positioning System Tracking in Japan Kikuchi, D.; Nakahara, T.; Kitamura, W.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Raptors, Birds
Estimating Potential Costs of Cumulative Barrier Effects on Migrating Raptors: A Case Study Using Global Positioning System Tracking in Japan Kikuchi, D.; Nakahara, T.; Kitamura, W.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy Avoidance Raptors, Birds
Evaluation of Wind‐Energy Survey Protocols for Migrating Eagle Detection Chabot, E.; Slater, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Raptors, Birds
Behavioral accommodation of nesting hawks to wind turbines Watson, J.; Keren, I.; Davies, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Raptors
Evaluating a Commercial-Ready Technology for Raptor Detection and Deterrence at a Wind Energy Facility in California Terrill, S.; Howell, J.; Smith, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Cape Vulture and Wind Farms: Guidelines for impact assessment, monitoring and mitigation Pfeiffer, M.; Ralston-Paton, S. Guidance Wind Energy Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment

Displaying 1 - 50 of 122