Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Orkney Islands Marine Region: State of the Environment Assessment Orkney Islands Council Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Vulnerability of northern gannets to offshore wind farms; seasonal and sex-specific collision risk and demographic consequences Lane, J., Jeavons, R., Deakin, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Seabird Survey Designs for the East Coast of Scotland Donovan, C., Caneco, B. Report Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Scoping Study: Regional Population Viability Analysis for Key Bird Species CR/2016/16 Searle, K., Butler, A., Bogdanova, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species Benjamins, S., Masden, E., Collu, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Interim Guidance on apportioning impacts from marine renewable developments to breeding seabird populations in SPAs Scottish Natural Heritage Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Estimating Seabird Flight Height using LiDAR Cook, A., Ward, R., Hansen, W. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Predicting the impacts of wind farms on seabirds: An individual-based model Warwick-Evans, V., Atkinson, P., Walkington, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Seabirds, Birds
Seabird counts at St Abb's Head to Fast Castle SPA in 2016 for Marine Renewables Casework Swann, B. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Seabird Counts at North Caithness Cliffs SPA in 2015 and 2016 for Marine Renewable Casework Swann, B. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Responses of Two Marine Top Predators to an Offshore Wind Farm Mclean, N., Grellier, K., Vallejo, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Birds
East Anglia TWO Offshore Windfarm Scoping Report ScottishPower Renewables Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fish, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds
Assessment of Displacement Impacts of Offshore Windfarms and Other Human Activities on Red-Throated Divers and Alcids McGovern, S., Goddard, B., Rehfisch, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement Birds
A Theoretical Approach to Estimating Bird Risk of Collision with Wind Turbines Where Empirical Flight Activity Data Are Lacking Furness, R., Trinder, M., MacArthur, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Collision Birds
Testing sensitivity of metrics of seabird population response to offshore wind farm effects Cook, A., Robinson, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Assessing the Impact of Small-Scale Wind Energy Proposals on the Natural Heritage Scottish Natural Heritage Report Wind Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
Seabird Counts at East Caithness Cliffs SPA for Marine Renewable Casework Swann, B. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Suggested seasonal definitions for birds in the Scottish Marine Environment Tyler, G. Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds
Three Dimensional Tracking of a Wide-Ranging Marine Predator: Flight Heights and Vulnerability to Offshore Wind Farms Cleasby, I., Wakefield, E., Bearhop, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Seabirds, Birds
Wales' Marine Evidence Report Welsh Government Report Social & Economic Data, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Legal & Policy, Invertebrates, Fish, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Developing an Avian Collision Risk Model to Incorporate Variability and Uncertainty Masden, E. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Developing a Habitat Loss Method for Assessing Displacement Impacts from Offshore Wind Farms Busch, M., Buisson, R., Barrett, Z. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement Seabirds, Birds
The Avoidance Rates of Collision Between Birds and Offshore Turbines Cook, A., Humphreys, E., Masden, E. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Assessing Northern Gannet Avoidance of Offshore Windfarms Rehfisch, M., Barrett, Z., Brown, L. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Avoidance Seabirds, Birds
Population Consequences of Displacement from Proposed Offshore Wind Energy Developments for Seabirds Breeding at Scottish SPAs Searle, K., Mobbs, D., Butler, A. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement Seabirds, Birds
Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Environmental Statement - Chapter 11: Marine and Coastal Ornithology Thornton, P. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds
Foraging Ranges of Northern Gannets in Relation to Proposed Offshore Wind Farms in the UK: 2010-2012 Langston, R., Teuten, E., Butler, A. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm: Red-throated Diver Displacement Ellis, I., Ward, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Hornsea Offshore Wind Farm Project One: Environmental Statement: Volume 5 - Offshore Annexes Chapter 5.5.1: Ornithology Technical Report RPS Group Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Pentland Firth and Orkney Waters Enabling Actions Report: Ornithological Cumulative Impact Assessment Framework MacArthur, D., Furness, B., Trinder, M. Report Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment DONG Energy Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Ornithology Technical Report for the proposed Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Offshore Wind Farm projects Burton, N., Thaxter, C., Cook, A. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds
Fall of Warness Wildlife Observations Methodology European Marine Energy Centre Report Marine Mammals, Birds
Analysis of Marine Environmental Monitoring Plan Data from the Robin Rigg Offshore Wind Farm, Scotland (Operational Year 1) Walls, R., Canning, S., Lye, G. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Strategic Joint Industry Project No.1: Bird avoidance behavior and collision impact monitoring at Offshore Windfarms Marine Scotland, The Scottish Government, UK Department of Energy and Climate Change Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Analysis of the Argyll Array Turbine Layout Iterations in Relation to Ornithological Constraints Bullman, R., Shaylon, S. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Argyll Array Offshore Windfarm Report to Inform a Shadow Appropriate Assessment - Great Northern Diver Potential SPAs NIRAS Consulting Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
East Anglia ONE Offshore Windfarm: Environmental Statement Environmental Resource Management Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Experimental Evidence for the Effect of Small Wind Turbine Proximity and Operation on Bird and Bat Activity Miderman, J., Pendlebury, C., Pearce-Higgins, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Population Sizes of Seabirds Breeding in Scottish SPAs Lewis, M., Lye, G., Pendlebury, C. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Birds
Population Sizes of Seabirds breeding in Scottish Special Protection Areas Lewis, M., Lye, G., Pendlebury, C. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Population Trends of Breeding Seabird Colonies in Scottish SPAs Malcolm, F., Lye, G., Lewis, M. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Vulnerability of Scottish Seabirds to Offshore Wind Turbines Furness, B., Wade, H. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Ormonde Offshore Wind Farm 2010 Construction Environmental Monitoring Report Saunders, S. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Noise Birds, Waterfowl, Marine Mammals
The State of the UK's Birds 2011 Eaton M., Balmer, D., Cuthbert, R. Report Shorebirds, Seabirds, Passerines, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Effect Studies Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee - Final Report on Fluxes, Flight Altitudes and Behaviour of Flying Birds Krijgsveld, K., Fljn, R., Japink, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Robin Rigg Offshore Wind Farm Marine Environmental Monitoring Plan (MEMP): Ecological Analysis Data Wells, R., Shenton, S. Presentation Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Waterfowl, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish, Birds
Argyll Array Offshore Wind Farm: Habitat Regulations Assessment - Screening for Likely Significant Effects Dewar, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Local Birds in and around the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ) Leopold, M., Dijkman, E., Teal, L. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm: Diver Surveys 2009-10 Percival, S. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Waterfowl, Birds

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