Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
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| Title |
Author* |
Date** | Type of Content | Technology Types | Stressors | Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Offshore Marine Renewable Energy Devices as Stepping Stones Across Biogeographical Boundaries | Adams, T., et al. | January 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem |
| Corridors for aliens but not for natives: effects of marine urban sprawl at a regional scale | Airoldi, L., et al. | July 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Offshore Wind Farms - Ecological Effects of Noise and Habitat Alteration on Fish | Andersson, M. | January 2011 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Invertebrates |
| Epibenthic Colonization of Concrete and Steel Pilings in a Cold-Temperate Embayment: A Weld Experiment | Andersson, M., et al. | March 2009 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| Fish And Sessile Assemblages Associated With Wind-turbine Constructions In The Baltic Sea | Andersson, M., Öhman, M. | June 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Low-Frequency Sounds Induce Acoustic Trauma in Cephalopods | André, M., et al. | November 2011 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Fish Assemblages on Sunken Vessels and Natural Reefs in Southeast Florida, USA | Arena, P., Jordan, L., Spieler, R. | January 2007 | Journal Article | N/A | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| The Potential of Offshore Wind Farms to Act as Marine Protected Areas | Ashley, M., Mangi, S., Rodwell, L. | March 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Diversity of Demersal and Megafaunal Assemblages Inhabiting Sandbanks of the Irish Sea | Atalah, J., et al. | June 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Benthic Monitoring During Wind Turbine Installation and Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island | Bartley, M., et al. | February 2018 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates |
| Infauna Monitoring Horns Rev Offshore Wind Farm: Annual Status Report 2003 | Bech, M., Leonhard, S., Pedersen, J. | May 2004 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Bioelectric Fields of Marine Organisms: Voltage and Frequency Contributions to Detectability by Electroreceptive Predators | Bedore, C., Kajiura, S. | April 2013 | Journal Article | N/A | EMF | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Development and application of a low-cost rapid assessment system for coastal benthic habitats | Benjamin, C., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates |
| Camera technology for monitoring marine biodiversity and human impact | Bicknell, A., et al. | October 2016 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions |
| Global Status of Coral Reefs: In Combination, Disturbances and Stressors Become Ratchets | Birkeland, C. | January 2019 | Book Chapter | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Surveys of Hard Bottom Communities on Foundations in Nysted Offshore Wind Farm and Schönheiders Pulle in 2004 | Birklund, J. | May 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Development of the Fouling Community on Turbine Foundations and Scour Protections in Nysted Offshore Wind Farm | Birklund, J., Petersen, A | June 2004 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| True Navigation and Magnetic Maps in Spiny Lobsters | Boles, L., Lohmann, K. | January 2003 | Journal Article | N/A | EMF | Benthic Invertebrates |
| An Approach to the Intercalibration of Benthic Ecological Status Assessment in the North Atlantic Ecoregion, According to the European Water Framework Directive | Borja, A., et al. | January 2007 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Benthic Communities on Hard Substrates of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ) | Bouma, S., Lengkeek, W. | February 2012 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Assessing larval connectivity for marine spatial planning in the Adriatic | Bray, L., Kassis, D., Hall-Spencer, J. | April 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Attachment Properties of Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) Byssus Threads on Culture-Based Artificial Collector Substrates | Brenner, M., Buck, B. | May 2010 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Environmental Statement - Chapter 13: Fish and Shellfish Ecology | Brown & May Marine | March 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish, Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Mapping Benthic Habitat in Regions of Gradual Substrata: An Automated Approach Utilised Geophysical, Geological, and Biological Relationships | Brown, C., Collier, J. | June 2008 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Response of Offshore Cultivated Laminaria saccharina to Hydrodynamic Forcing in the North Sea | Buck, B., Buchholz, C. | December 2005 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Nearfield Habitat |
| MUSSEL CULTIVATION AS A CO-USE IN OFFSHORE WIND FARMS: POTENTIAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY | Buck, B., Ebeling, M., Michler-Cieluch, T. | December 2010 | Journal Article | Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries |
| Inshore-Offshore Comparison of Parasite Infestation in Mytilus edulis: Implications for Open Ocean Aquaculture | Buck, B., et al. | April 2005 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries |
| Potential Impact of Submarine Power Cables on Crab Harvest | Bull, A., Nishimoto, M. | February 2016 | Conference Paper | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Invertebrates |
| Biology and Video Surveys of North Hoyle Wind Turbines 11th-13th August 2004 | Bunker, F. | August 2004 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| Magnetic Orientation and Navigation in Marine Turtles, Lobsters, and Molluscs: Concepts and Conundrums | Cain, S., et al. | January 2005 | Journal Article | N/A | EMF | Benthic Invertebrates, Sea Turtles |
| Linking ecosystem services with epibenthic biodiversity change following installation of offshore wind farms | Causon, P., Gill, A. | November 2018 | Journal Article | Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| National Status and Trends Data Portal | Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | January 2012 | Website | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Farfield Environment |
| The Ecosystem Consequences of Sediment Disturbance | Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) | March 2005 | Report | Marine Energy (General) | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Physical Environment |
| Noise pollution limits metal bioaccumulation and growth rate in a filter feeder, the Pacific oyster Magallana gigas | Charifi, M., et al. | April 2018 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Invertebrates |
| Enrichment and Shifts in Macrobenthic Assemblages in an Offshore Wind Farm Area in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | Coates, D., et al. | April 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem, Nearfield Habitat |
| Rapid Macrobenthic Recovery after Dredging Activities in an Offshore Wind Farm in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | Coates, D., et al. | September 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Short-term effects of fishery exclusion in offshore wind farms on macrofaunal communities in the Belgian part of the North Sea | Coates, D., et al. | July 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| The Added Value of 'Small-Scale' Monitoring of the Soft-Sediment Endobenthos around Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | Coates, D., Vanaverbeke, M., Magda, V. | September 2012 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Physical Environment |
| A Preliminary Review of the Impact of Placing Portions of an Extra-High Voltage Transmission Line Beneath the Chesapeake Bay & Other Waters | Community & Environmental Defense Service | February 2011 | Report | N/A | EMF | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem, Fish, Nearfield Habitat |
| Urban Structures as Marine Habitats: An Experimental Comparison of the Composition and Abundance of Subtidal Epibiota Among Pilings, Pontoons and Rocky Reefs | Connell, S. | August 2001 | Journal Article | N/A | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem |
| Benthic biodiversity on old platforms, young wind farms, and rocky reefs | Coolen, J., et al. | July 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Invertebrates |
| Upscaling positive effects of scour protection in offshore wind farms | Coolen, J., et al. | January 2019 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| The Behavioural and Physiological Effects of Pile-driving Noise on Marine Species | Corbett, W. | February 2019 | Thesis | N/A | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Storm effects on intertidal invertebrates: increased beta diversity of few individuals and species | Corte, G., et al. | May 2017 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Socio-economics, Climate Change |
| Characterizing the benthic community in Maryland’s offshore wind energy areas using a towed camera sled: Developing a method to reduce the effort of image analysis and community description | Cruz-Marrero, W., et al. | May 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates |
| Impact of Windfarm OWEZ on the Local Macrobenthos Community | Daan, R., Mulder, M., Bergman, M. | January 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Offshore Wind Farms and the Environment: Danish Experiences from Horns Rev and Nysted | Danish Energy Authority | November 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Benthic effects of offshore renewables: identification of knowledge gaps and urgently needed research | Dannheim, J., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Man-Made Structures on Marine Sediments: Effects on Adjacent Benthic Communities | Davis, N., VanBlaricom, G., Dayton, P. | January 1982 | Journal Article | N/A | Energy Removal, Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Nearfield Habitat |
| Weighing Natural Variability and Anthropogenic Impacts: A Case Study of Demersal Fish and Epibenthic Communities in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | De Backer, A., et al. | January 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Succession and Seasonal Dynamics of the Epifauna Community on Offshore Wind Farm Foundations and their Role as Stepping Stones for Non-Indigenous Species | De Mesel, I., et al. | September 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates |
| Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: State of the Art After Two Years of Environmental Monitoring | Degraer, S., Brabant, R. | January 2009 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Ecosystem, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals |
| Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Early Environmental Impact Assessment and Spatio-Temporal Variability | Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. | January 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| A Review of Approaches for Classifying Benthic Habitats and Evaluating Habitat Quality | Diaza, R., Solan, M., Valente, R. | November 2004 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Power Production in the North Sea | Draget, E. | January 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals |
| Effects of submarine power transmission cables on a glass sponge reef and associated megafaunal community | Dunham, A., et al. | June 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General) | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| A review of crustacean sensitivity to high amplitude underwater noise: Data needs for effective risk assessment in relation to UK commercial species | Edmonds, N., et al. | July 2016 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Lynn and Inner Dowsing Hydrographic Monitoring Survey | Emu | December 2009 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Nearfield Habitat |
| Kentish Flats Wind Farm Development: Macrobenthic Ecology Study - 2007 | Emu | June 2008 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem |
| Effect of magnetic pulses on Caribbean spiny lobsters: implications for magnetoreception | Ernst, D., Lohmann, K. | June 2016 | Journal Article | N/A | EMF | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Benthic Monitoring and Sampling Design and Effort to Detect Spatial Changes: A Case Study using Data from Offshore Wind Farm Sites | Franco, A., Quintino, V., Elliott, M. | October 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates |
| Temporal Variability in the Benthos: Does the Sea Floor Function Differently over Time? | Frid, C. | April 2011 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Towards an Integrated Approach to Marine Benthic Monitoring | Froján, C., Cooper, K., Bolam, S. | March 2016 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Gunfleet Sands Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement | GE Wind Energy | January 2002 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Nearfield Habitat, Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Three-dimensional mapping of the benthic invertebrates biophony with a compact four-hydrophones array | Gervaise, C., et al. | May 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates |
| COWRIE 1.5 The Potential Effects of Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Sub-Sea Power Cables Associated with Offshore Wind Farm Developments on Electrically and Magnetically Sensitive Marine Organisms - A Review | Gill, A., et al. | July 2005 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | EMF | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish, Marine Mammals |
| Megabenthic Invertebrates on Shell Mounds Associated with Oil and Gas Platforms Off California | Goddard, J., Love, M. | July 2010 | Journal Article | N/A | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Benthic Habitat Characterization Offshore the Pacific Northwest Volume 1: Evaluation of Continental Shelf Geology | Goldfinger, C., et al. | November 2014 | Report | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Private Incentives for the Emergence of Co-Production of Offshore Wind Energy and Mussel Aquaculture | Griffin, R., Buck, B., Krause, G. | January 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Socio-economics |
| A Review Of The Records Of Giant Squid In The North-Eastern Atlantic And Severe Injuries In Architeuthis Dux Stranded After Acoustic Explorations | Guerra, A., González, A., Rocha, F. | September 2004 | Conference Paper | N/A | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Habitat Mapping and Assessment of Northeast Wind Energy Areas | Guida, V., et al. | December 2017 | Report | Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates |
| Rapid increase of benthic structural and functional diversity at the alpha ventus offshore test site | Gutow, L., et al. | January 2014 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates |
| Adapting Offshore Wind Power Foundations to Local Environment | Hammar, L., Andersson, S., Rosenberg, R. | May 2010 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Invertebrates, Physical Environment |
| Information gaps in understanding the effects of noise on fishes and invertebrates | Hawkins, A., Pembroke, A., Popper, A. | March 2015 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| A Sound Approach to Assessing the Impact of Underwater Noise on Marine Fishes and Invertebrates | Hawkins, A., Popper, A. | March 2017 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Benthic Invertebrates, Fish |
| Patterns of Benthic Mega-Invertebrate Habitat Associations in the Pacific Northwest Continental Shelf Waters | Hemery, L., Henkel, S. | July 2015 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Patterns of Benthic Mega-Invertebrate Habitat Associations in the Pacific Northwest Continental Shelf Waters: A Reassessment | Hemery, L., Henkel, S. | August 2016 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Benthic Habitat Characterization Offshore the Pacific Northwest Volume 2: Evaluation of Continental Shelf Benthic Communities | Henkel, S., et al. | November 2014 | Report | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates |
| Marine Renewable Energy and Environmental Interactions: Baseline Assessments of Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles and Benthic Communities on the Oregon Shelf | Henkel, S., Suryan, R., Lagerquist, B. | February 2014 | Book Chapter | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles |
| Ocean sprawl facilitates dispersal and connectivity of protected species | Henry, L., et al. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Effects of Marine Windfarms on the Distribution of Fish, Shellfish and Marine Mammals in the Horns Rev Area | Hoffmann, E., et al. | May 2000 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Perceptions of fishers and developers on the co-location of offshore wind farms and decapod fisheries in the UK | Hooper, T., Ashley, M., Austen, M. | November 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Socio-economics, Fishing |
| The Co-Location of Offshore Windfarms and Decapod Fisheries in the UK: Constraints and Opportunities | Hooper, T., Austen, M. | January 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries |
| Buried Alive: The Behavioural Response of the Mussels, Modiolus modiolus and Mytilus edulis to Sudden Burial by Sediment | Hutchison, Z., et al. | March 2016 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates |
| ICES WGMBRED Report 2013: Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | March 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates |
| ICES WGMBRED Report 2018: Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | March 2018 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates |
| Interim Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | March 2017 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions |
| Pathways of Effects for Offshore Renewable Energy in Canada | Isaacman, L., Daborn, G. | December 2011 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Nearfield Habitat, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions |
| Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on the behavior and bioenergetics of the polychaete Hediste diversicolor | Jakubowska, M., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | EMF | Invertebrates |
| Impact of Secondary Hard Substrate on the Distribution and Abundance of Aurelia aurita in the Western Baltic Sea | Janßen, H., et al. | October 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates |
| An Evaluation of the Wildlife Impacts of Offshore Wind Development Relative to Fossil Fuel Power Production | Jarvis, C. | September 2005 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates |
| North Sea Wind Farms NSW Lot 1 Benthic Fauna | Jarvis, S., et al. | February 2004 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Ecosystem |
| Improving visual biodiversity assessments of motile fauna in turbid aquatic environments | Jones, R., et al. | August 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals |
| Colonization of an Artificial Hard Substrate by Mytilus edulis in the German Bight | Joschko, T., et al. | October 2008 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| Offshore Wind Farms as Potential Locations for Flat Oyster (Ostrea edulis) Restoration in the Dutch North Sea | Kamermans, P., et al. | October 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries |
| Updated Summary of Knowledge: Selected Areas of the Pacific Coast | Kaplan, B., et al. | July 2010 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Ecosystem, Fish, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, Socio-economics |
| Early Development of the Subtidal Marine Biofouling on a Concrete Offshore Windmill Foundation on the Thornton Bank (Southern North Sea): First Monitoring Results | Kerckhof, F., et al. | November 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Invertebrates |
| ATOC/Pioneer Seamount Cable after 8 Years on the Seafloor: Observations, Environmental Impact | Kogan, I., et al. | April 2006 | Journal Article | N/A | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates |
| Process-Driven Characterization and Mapping of Seabed Habitats | Kostylev, V., Hannah, C. | January 2007 | Book Chapter | N/A | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Nearfield Habitat |
| Epifauna Dynamics at an Offshore Foundation - Implications of Future Wind Power Farming in the North Sea | Krone, R., et al. | April 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates |
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