Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.
Title | Author* | Date** | Type of Content | Technology Types | Stressors |
Receptors![]() |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D4.06 Data Reports and Databases: Data on Coastal and Offshore Wind Measurements | Courtney, M., et al. | February 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
D2.6 Report on Offshore Wind System Monitoring Practice and Normalisation Procedures | Schaumann, P., et al. | December 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Mitigation of Underwater Pile Driving Noise During Offshore Construction: Final Report | Stokes, A., et al. | January 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
Development of Offshore Renewable Energy in Scotland's Seas: Research Implementation Strategy | Scottish Government | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Concerning an Act on Offshore Renewable Energy Production (the Offshore Energy Act) | Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy | January 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Guidelines for Data Acquisition to Support Marine Environmental Assessments of Offshore Renewable Energy Projects | Judd, A. | May 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Evaluating Offshore Wind Energy Feasibility off the California Central Coast | Feinberg, L., et al. | March 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
A review of noise abatement systems for offshore wind farm construction noise, and the potential for their application in Scottish waters | Verfuss, U., Sinclair, R., Sparling, C. | January 2019 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA Licence Conditions: Underwater Noise | Pattenden, A., Thomsen, F., Walker, R. | January 2009 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
Environmental impacts of offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea: Environmental impact monitoring reloaded | Degraer, S., et al. | January 2016 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Heading for an Understanding of Environmental Impacts | Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. | January 2012 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Assessing and Managing Effect Spheres of Influence | Degraer, S., et al. | January 2018 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Selected findings from the baseline and targeted monitoring | Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. | January 2011 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Investigations of migratory birds during operation of Horns Rev offshore wind farm. Annual status report 2004 | Christensen, T., Hounisen, J. | January 2005 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Navitus Bay Wind Park Technical Appendix 2.1 - EMF Calculations Report | Dorey, P. | April 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | EMF | N/A |
Navitus Bay Wind Park Environmental Statement: Non-Technical Summary | Navitus Bay Development | April 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Deep Water: The Next Step for Offshore Wind Energy | Arapogianni, A., et al. | July 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Development of a Geographic Information System-Based Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Windfarm Sitings in Great Lakes Aquatic Habitats | Wehrly, K., et al. | July 2011 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Munitions and Explosives of Concern Survey Methodology and In-Field Testing for Wind Energy Areas on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Carton, G., et al. | July 2017 | Report | Marine Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Evaluating Benefits of Offshore Wind Energy Projects in NEPA | AECOM | July 2017 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
2018 State of the Sector Report: Marine Renewable Energy in Canada | Marine Renewables Canada | June 2018 | Report | Marine Energy general, Riverine, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Walney Extension Offshore Wind Farm | The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales | April 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm | The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales | February 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Offshore Wind Farm | UK Planning Inspectorate | July 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Dogger Bank Teesside A & B Offshore Wind Farm | The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales | December 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implication for European Sites Proposed East Anglia ONE Offshore Windfarm | The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales | November 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Hornsea Offshore Wind Farm (Zone 4) - Project One | UK Planning Inspectorate | March 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Hornsea Offshore Wind Farm (Zone 4) - Project Two | The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales | November 2015 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Navitus Bay Wind Park | UK Planning Inspectorate | February 2015 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Rampion Offshore Wind Farm - Scoping Report | RSK Environment | September 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm Extension Environmental Scoping Study | Royal Haskoning | October 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Characterization Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement | July 2011 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Evaluation of Lighting Schemes for Offshore Wind Facilities and Impacts to Local Environments | Orr, T., Herz, S., Oakley, D. | August 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Lighting | N/A |
National Offshore Wind Strategy: Facilitating the Development of the Offshore Wind Industry in the United States | Gilman, P., et al. | September 2016 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Evaluating Acoustic Technologies to Monitor Aquatic Organisms at Renewable Energy Sites: Final Report | Horne, J., et al. | June 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Report to Congress on the Potential Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies | US Department of Energy | December 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Underwater Acoustic Modeling Report - Virginia Offshore Wind Technology Advancement Project (VOWTAP) | Tetra Tech | December 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
AdBm Demonstration at Butendiek Offshore Wind Farm with Ballast Nedam | N/A | January 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | N/A |
The Development of Ocean Test Beds for Ocean Technology Adaptation and Integration into the Emerging U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Industry | Kirincich, A., et al. | May 2018 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
OSPAR request to advise on the current state and knowledge of studies into the deployment and environmental impacts of wet renewable technologies and marine energy storage systems | N/A | April 2019 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
MERiFIC 3.2.1: Documentary Summary of the Environmental Impact of Renewable Marine Energy | Sotta, C. | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
West Coast Environmental Protocols Framework: Baseline and Monitoring Studies | Klure, J., et al. | September 2012 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Screening Analysis for the Environmental Risk Evaluation System - Environmental Effects of Offshore Wind Energy | Copping, A., Hanna, L. | September 2011 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Greening Blue Energy: Identifying and Managing the Biodiversity Risks and Opportunities of Offshore Renewable Energy | Wilhelmsson, D., et al. | July 2010 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 1: Overview, Summary, and Application | Geo-Marine | July 2010 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Barrow Offshore Wind Farm Post-Construction Monitoring Report | Barrow Offshore Wind | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Review of Cabling Techniques and Environmental Effects Applicable to the Offshore Wind Farm Industry | UK Department for Business Enterprise and Regulatory Reform | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | N/A |
Danish Offshore Wind: Key Environmental Issues | DONG Energy, et al. | November 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Ecological Research on Offshore Wind Farms: International Exchange of Experiences - Part B | Zucco, C., et al. | January 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Gwynt y Môr Offshore Wind Farm Marine Ecology Technical Report | Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies | January 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Nature Conservation Guidance on Offshore Windfarm Development - A Guidance Note on the Implications of the EC Wild Birds and Habitats Directives for Developers Undertaking Offshore Windfarm Developments | UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs | March 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments - Marine Habitats and Species Project | Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H., Jones, H. | August 2002 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Continuation Implementation Masterplan Wind at Sea | Ministry of Economic Affairs (Rijksoverheid), Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment (Rijkwaterstaat) | September 2015 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | N/A |
Prevention of the ecological effects of offshore windfarms in licensing and spatial planning - an overview | Boon, A. | July 2012 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
The Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on the Marine Environment | Steen, H., et al. | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Guide to the OCS Alternative Energy Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) | US Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service | October 2007 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf | Michel, J., et al. | July 2007 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, OTEC, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | N/A |
Gunfleet Sands 2 Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement | RPS Group | June 2007 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Standard Investigation of the Impacts of Offshore Wind Turbines on the Marine Environment (StUK3) | Bellebaum, J., et al. | February 2007 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Review Report 2005: The Danish Offshore Wind Farm Demonstration Project: Horns Rev and Nysted Offshore Wind Farms Environmental Impact Assessment and Monitoring | DONG Energy, Vattenfall | November 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Humber Gateway Offshore Wind Farm: Offshore ES Description of the Biological Baseline Environment | Humber Gateway Offshore Wind Farm | January 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Onshore Environmental Impact Statement for Lincs, Docking Shoal, and Race Bank OSW Farms | Centrica Energy | June 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | N/A |
Acoustic and Electromagnetic Noise Induced by Wind Mills - Implications for Underwater Surveillance Systems Pilot Study | Fristedt, T., Morén, P., Söderberg, P. | September 2001 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | EMF, Noise | N/A |
Northeast Ocean Plan | Northeast Regional Planning Body | October 2016 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | N/A |
Harnessing the Wind: How to Advance Wind Power Offshore | NRDC | July 2019 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Noise | N/A |
Habitats Regulations Appraisal of Draft Plan for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Information for Appropriate Assessment | APS Group Scotland | March 2011 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
A Further Review of Sediment Monitoring Data | Carroll, B., et al. | March 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
How the Belgian Wind Farm Business Made us Discover the Challenging Environment of Marine Sand Dunes | Bolle, A., Mathys, M., Haerens, P. | April 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm Turbine Foundation Faunal Colonisation Diving Survey | Emu | November 2008 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Nearfield Habitat |
Hornsea Offshore Wind Farm Project One: Reports - Habitat Regulations Assessment Report: Information to Support the Appropriate Assessment for Project One | RPS Group | July 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
Cape Wind Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Diver Survey | Woods Hole Group, Inc. | July 2003 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Investigation of the Cape Wind Energy Project | ESS Group | August 2006 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
Standard Investigation of the Impacts of Offshore Wind Turbines on the Marine Environment (StUK4) | Bundesamt fur Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH) | October 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat |
Habitats Regulations Appraisal of Draft Plan for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Appropriate Assessment Information Review | APS Group Scotland | January 2011 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy |
Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Environmental Statement - Chapter 10: Marine Water and Sediment Quality | Page, C. | March 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Nearfield Habitat, Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Effects of Wind Farm Foundations on the Water Exchange between North Sea and Baltic Sea - A First Careful Assessment Derived from the QuantAS-Off Project | Burchard, H., et al. | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
Dynamics of Scour Pits and Scour Protection - Synthesis Report and Recommendations | Whitehouse, R., Harris, J., Rees, J. | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
Wake Effects on Middelgrund Windfarm | Jørgensen, H., Frandsen, S., Vølund, P. | July 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
Preliminary Assessment of Offshore Wind Development Impacts on Marine Ecosystems | Huang, H., Hall, A. | March 2015 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
Seabed Morphology Off Southern Long Island: Studies of Artificial Reefs and Implications for Wind Farms | Flood, R. | January 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Physical Environment |
Scroby Sands Offshore Wind Farm - Coastal Processes Monitoring | Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) | July 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
Sand Banks, Sand Transport and Offshore Wind Farms: Technical Report | Kenyon, N., Cooper, B. | May 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
Potential Effects of Offshore Wind Developments on Coastal Processes | Beiboer, F., Cooper, B. | January 2002 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
Observing Cable Laying and Particle Settlement During the Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm | James, E., et al. | March 2017 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
Ormonde Project Scoping Study for Coastal and Seabed Processes | Coates, T., Skipper, C., Cranmer, G. | November 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Coastal Process Modelling for Offshore Windfarm Environmental Impact Assessment: Best Practice Guide | Lambkin, D., et al. | September 2009 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
JWGBIRD Report 2018: Report of the Joint OSPAR/HELCOM/ICES Working Group on Marine Birds (JWGBIRD) | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | October 2018 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Seabirds |
Symposium Sound Solutions Report | The North Sea Foundation | February 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
Northeast Offshore Wind Regional Market Characterization: A Report for the Roadmap Project for Multi-State Cooperation on Offshore Wind | Grace, R., et al. | October 2017 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
Determining the Infrastructure Needs to Support Offshore Floating Wind and Marine Hydrokinetic Facilities on the Pacific West Coast and Hawaii | Porter, A., Phillips, S. | January 2016 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics |
Guidance Note for Environmental Impact Assessment in Respect of FEPA and CPA Requirements | Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) | June 2004 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Offshore Renewables - Guidance on Assessing the Impact on Coastal Landscape and Seascape: Guidance for Scoping an Environmental Statement | Scottish Natural Heritage | March 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Block Island Wind Farm and Block Island Transmission System Environmental Report/Construction and Operations Plan | Tetra Tech Inc. | September 2012 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Virginia Offshore Wind Technology Advancement Project on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Virginia Environmental Assessment | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Office of Renewable Energy Programs | December 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Cumulative Impacts Assessment Guidelines: Guiding Principles for Cumulative Impacts Assessment in Offshore Wind Farms | Renewable UK | June 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Environmental Statement - Chapter 22: Socio-Economics | Beeden, D. | March 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Environmental Statement - Chapter 29: Noise and Vibration | Wigham, S. | March 2014 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Memoirs on the Marine Environment - Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: a Continued move towards Integration and Quantification | Degraer, S., et al. | January 2017 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Learning from the Past to Optimise Future Monitoring Programmes | Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. | January 2013 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm: Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report | Sørensen, T., et al. | July 2010 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |