Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Orkney Islands Marine Region: State of the Environment Assessment Orkney Islands Council Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
The Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Hydrodynamics and Implications for Fishes van Berkel, J., Burchard, H., Christensen, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Fish
Effects of the Block Island Wind Farm on Coastal Resources: Lessons Learned Carey, D., Wilber, D., Read, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement
Offshore Wind Energy and Benthic Habitat Changes: Lessons from Block Island Wind Farm Hutchison, Z., Bartley, M., Degraer, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects HT Harvey and Associates Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entrapment, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Terrestrial Mammals
Multi-modal Approach for Benthic Impact Assessments in Moraine Habitats: a Case Study at the Block Island Wind Farm Guarinello, M., Carey, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Horwath, S., Hassrick, J., Grismala, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Science in support of ecologically sound decommissioning strategies for offshore man-made structures: taking stock of current knowledge and considering future challenges Birchenough, S., Degraer, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Observations Show That Wind Farms Substantially Modify the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Thermal Stratification Transition in the Early Evening Rajewski, D., Takle, E., VanLoocke, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Wind farm development on peatlands increases fluvial macronutrient loading Heal, K., Phin, A., Waldron, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Water Quality
The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island Onea, F., Rusu, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland Workshop Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Volume-Based Assessment of Erosion Patterns around a Hydrodynamic Transparent Offshore Structure Welzel, M., Schendel, A., Schlurmann, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Micrometeorological impacts of offshore wind farms as seen in observations and simulations Siedersleben, S., Lundquist, J., Platis, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment
The effect of monopile-induced turbulence on local suspended sediment pattern around UK wind farms Forster, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Simulation of Composite Suction Foundation to Topography Change Lin, S., Wang, H., Chiang, Y. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms Pan, Y., Yan, C., Archer, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Natural variability of turbulence and stratification in a tidal shelf sea and the possible impact of offshore wind farms Schultze, V. Thesis Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Obligations and Aspirations: A Critical Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farm Cumulative Impact Assessments Willsteed, E., Jude, S., Gill, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment
First in situ evidence of wakes in the far field behind offshore wind farms Platis, A., Siedersleben, S., Bange, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Observing Cable Laying and Particle Settlement During the Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm James, E., Smith, K., Gallien, D. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Tafila Region Wind Power Projects: Cumulative Effects Assessment International Finance Corporation Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds
Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on North Sea Stratification Carpenter, J., Merckelbach, L., Callies, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Unstructured Grid Modelling of Offshore Wind Farm Impacts on Seasonally Stratified Shelf Seas Cazenave, P., Torres, R., Allen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects of Offshore Wind Farms - Part A: Methods Ministry of Economic Affairs (Rijksoverheid) Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects of Offshore Wind Farms - Part B: Description and Assessment of the Cumulative Effects of Implementing the Roadmap for Offshore Wind Power Ministry of Economic Affairs (Rijksoverheid) Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Preliminary Assessment of Offshore Wind Development Impacts on Marine Ecosystems Huang, H., Hall, A. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Influence of Large Offshore Wind Farms on the North Sea and Baltic Sea - A Comprehensive Literature Review Clark, S., Schroeder, F., Baschek, B. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Water Quality, Physical Environment, Ecosystem Processes
Changes in fluxes of heat, H2O, and CO2 caused by a large wind farm Rajewski, D., Takle, E., Lundquist, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Effects of Man-Made Structures on Sedimentary Oxygenation: Extent, Seasonality and Implications for Offshore Renewables Wilding, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Turbid Wakes Associated with Offshore Wind Turbines Observed with Landsat 8 Vanhellemont, Q., Ruddick, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment
Experimental Study on Influence of Pitch Motion on the Wake of a Floating Wind Turbine Model Rockel, S., Camp, E., Schmidt, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Dogger Bank Creyke Beck Environmental Statement - Chapter 10: Marine Water and Sediment Quality Page, C. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
How Deep does an Anchor Penetrate the Seafloor? Maushake, C. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Physical Environment
On the Prediction of Pile Driving Induced Underwater Sound Pressure Levels Over Long Ranges Lippert, T., Heitmann, K., Ruhnau, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Physical Environment
Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX): Observations of Surface-Layer, Boundary Layer, and Mesoscale Interactions with a Wind Farm Rajewski, D., Takle, E., Lundquist, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
How the Belgian Wind Farm Business Made us Discover the Challenging Environment of Marine Sand Dunes Bolle, A., Mathys, M., Haerens, P. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Habitat Engineering by Decadal-Scale Bioturbation around Shipwrecks on the Great Barrier Reef Mid-Shelf Stieglitz, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Evaluation of the nearshore impact of a hybrid wave-wind energy farm Diaconu, S., Onea, F., Rusu, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Spatiotemporal Structure of Wind Farm-atmospheric Boundary Layer Interactions Cervarich, M., Roy, S., Zhou, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Added Value of 'Small-Scale' Monitoring of the Soft-Sediment Endobenthos around Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Coates, D., Vanaverbeke, M., Magda, V. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Invertebrates
Assessing the Cumulative Impact of Onshore Wind Energy Developments Scottish Natural Heritage Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Physical Environment
Samlet belastning av vindkraftutbygging på fugl: standardvilkår for for- og etterundersøkelser May, R., Dahl, E., Follestad, A. Report Wind Energy Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Physical Environment
Adapting Offshore Wind Power Foundations to Local Environment Hammar, L., Andersson, S., Rosenberg, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Physical Environment, Invertebrates
A Further Review of Sediment Monitoring Data Carroll, B., Cooper, B., Dewey, N. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Sediment Transport, Physical Environment
Potential Climatic Impacts And Reliability Of Very Large-scale Wind Farms Wang, C., Prinn, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Coastal Process Modelling for Offshore Windfarm Environmental Impact Assessment: Best Practice Guide Lambkin, D., Harris, J., Cooper, W. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Dynamics of Scour Pits and Scour Protection - Synthesis Report and Recommendations Whitehouse, R., Harris, J., Rees, J. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Effects of Wind Farm Foundations on the Water Exchange between North Sea and Baltic Sea - A First Careful Assessment Derived from the QuantAS-Off Project Burchard, H., Hüttmann, F., Janssen, F. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment

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