Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.
Title |
Author* | Date** | Type of Content | Technology Types | Stressors | Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A balanced solution to the cumulative threat of industrialized wind farm development on cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) in south-eastern Europe | Vasilakis, D., Whitfield, D., Kati, V. | February 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds, Raptors |
| A Bird and Small Mammal BACI and IG Design Studies in a Wind Farm in Malpica (Spain) | de Lucas, M., Janss, G., Ferrer, M. | December 2005 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Terrestrial Mammals |
| A Bridge Between Oceans: Overland Migration of Marine Birds in a Wind Energy Corridor | Lamb, J., et al. | February 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds |
| A Collision Risk Model to Predict Avian Fatalities at Wind Facilities: An Example Using Golden Eagles, Aquila chrysaetos | New, L., et al. | July 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds, Raptors |
| A Comment on "Bats Killed in Large Numbers at United States Wind Energy Facilities" | Huso, M., Dalthorp, D. | June 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| A Comment on Novel Scavenger Removal Trials Increase Wind Turbine-Caused Avian Fatality Estimates | Huso, M., Erickson, W. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds |
| A Comparison of Perceptions towards Wind Power among Local and Foreign Residents of Jeju Island, South Korea | Kojetin, D., Min, K. | June 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| A Comprehensive Analysis of Small-Passerine Fatalities from Collision with Turbines at Wind Energy Facilities | Erickson, W., et al. | September 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds |
| A Description of the Biosis Model to Assess Risk of Bird Collisions with Wind Turbines | Smales, I., et al. | March 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds |
| A Forensic Investigation Into the Etiology of Bat Mortality at a Wind Farm: Barotrauma or Traumatic Injury? | Rollins, K., et al. | January 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| A GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation for Wind Farm Site Selection: A Regional Scale Application in Greece | Latinopoulos, D., Kechagia, K. | June 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | N/A |
| A Group-Based Spatial Decision Support System for Wind Farm Site Selection in Northwest Ohio | Gorsevski, P., et al. | April 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement |
| A Large-Scale Mitigation Experiment to Reduce Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities | Baerwald, E., et al. | September 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| A long‐term assessment of raptor displacement at a wind farm | Dohm, R., et al. | July 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Displacement | Birds, Raptors |
| A Methodology for Assessment of Wind Turbine Noise Generation | Kelley, N., Hemphill, R., McKenna, H. | May 1982 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Noise | N/A |
| A Modelling Approach to Infer the Effects of Wind Farms on Landscape Connectivity for Bats | Roscioni, F., et al. | April 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Static Device | Bats |
| A Net-Present Value Analysis for a Wind Turbine Purchase at a Small US College | Johnson, N., Solomon, B. | May 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| A new method to determine bird and bat fatality at wind energy turbines from carcass searches | Korner-Nievergelt, F., et al. | December 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device, Static Device | Bats, Birds |
| A New Stochastic Dynamic Tool to Improve the Accuracy of Mortality Estimates for Bats Killed at Wind Farms | Bastos, R., Santos, M., Cabral, J. | November 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| A Preliminary Evaluation on the Use of Dogs to Recover Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities | Arnett, E. | December 2006 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| A Preliminary Overview of Monitoring for Raptors in Croatia | Mazal, V., Mikulic, K. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| A Preliminary Overview of Monitoring for Raptors in Sweden | Hellstrom, P., Helander, B. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors |
| A procedure for deriving wind turbine noise limits by taking into account annoyance | Fredianelli, L., Carpita, S., Licitra, G. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| A Quantitative Method to Analyze the Quality of EIA Information in Wind Energy Development and Avian/Bat Assessments | Chang, T., et al. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| A Quantitative-Based Evaluation of the Environmental Impact and Sustainability of a Proposed Onshore Wind Farm in the United Kingdom | Phillips, J. | September 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | N/A |
| A Review of Options for Mitigating Take of Golden Eagles at Wind Energy Facilities | Allison, T., et al. | September 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| A review of the environmental and human impacts from wind parks. A case study for the Prefecture of Lasithi, Crete | Katsaprakakis, D. | June 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data |
| A review of the major threats and challenges to global bat conservation | Frick, W., Kingston, T., Flanders, J. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| A smart curtailment approach for reducing bat fatalities and curtailment time at wind energy facilities | Hayes, M., et al. | April 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| A Socio-Technical Framework for Examining the Consequences of Deforestation: A Case Study of Wind Project Development in Northern Europe | Enevoldsen, P. | April 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| A Spatial Explicit Agent Based Model Approach to Evaluate the Performance of Different Monitoring Options for Mortality Estimates in the Scope of Onshore Windfarm Impact Assessments | Santos, M., et al. | February 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats, Birds |
| A Special Purpose: The Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Wind Energy | Rose, R. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy |
| A strong relative preference for wind turbines in the United States among those who live near them | Firestone, J., Kirk, H. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| A Vehicle-Mounted Radar for Dual-Purpose Monitoring of Birds | Harmata, A., Leighty, G., O'Neil, E. | September 2003 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds |
| Accounting for False-Positive Acoustic Detections of Bats Using Occupancy Models | Clement, M., et al. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Accounting for Unsearched Areas in Estimating Wind Turbine-Caused Fatality | Huso, M., Dalthorp, D. | February 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats, Birds |
| Action on Multiple Fronts, Illegal Poisoning and Wind Farm Planning, is Required to Reverse the Decline of the Egyptian Vulture in Southern Spain | Sanz-Aguilar, A., et al. | July 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| Activity of Tree Bats at Anthropogenic Tall Structures: Implications for Mortality of Bats at Wind Turbines | Jameson, J., Willis, C. | November 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats |
| Addressing the factors that juxtapose raptors and wind turbines | Hunt,G., Watson, J. | March 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| Advanced flow and noise simulation method for wind farm assessment in complex terrain | Shen, W., et al. | December 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Noise | N/A |
| Advances in Sex Determination in Bats and its Utility in Wind-Wildlife Studies | Korstian, J., et al. | May 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Advancing the relationship between renewable energy and ecosystem services for landscape planning and design: A literature review | Picchi, P., et al. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Adverse Impacts of Wind Power Generation on Collision Behaviour of Birds and Anti-Predator Behaviour of Squirrels | Kikuchi, R. | March 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Terrestrial Mammals |
| Agassiz’s desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) activity areas are little changed after wind turbine-induced fires in California | Lovich, J., et al. | November 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Reptiles |
| An Analysis about Wind Farm Construction Based on the Perspective of the Development of Ecological Environment | Bai, Z. | September 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | N/A |
| An Analysis of Displacement from Wind Turbines in a Wintering Grassland Bird Community | Stevens, T., et al. | June 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds |
| An approach for evaluating changes in land-use from energy sprawl and other anthropogenic activities with implications for biotic resource management | Wolaver, B., et al. | March 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Reptiles |
| An assessment of non-volant terrestrial vertebrates response to wind farms - a study of small mammals | Łopucki, R., Mróz, I. | February 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Terrestrial Mammals |
| An evidence-based approach to specifying survey effort in ecological assessments of bat activity | Richardson, S., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| An Overview of Monitoring for Raptors in Bulgaria | Spasov, S., et al. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds |
| An Overview of Monitoring for Raptors in Ireland | Mee, A. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| An Update on the Status of Red Bats, Lasiurus blossevillii and Lasiurus borealis, in British Columbia | Nagorsen, D., Paterson, B. | November 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Analysis of the wind turbine noise emissions and impact on the environment | Katinas, V., Marčiukaitis, M., Tamašauskienė, M. | May 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Noise | N/A |
| Analysis of Wind Farm Effects on the Surrounding Environment: Assessing Population Trends of Breeding Passerines | Garcia, D., et al. | February 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds |
| Animal Behavioral Adaptation to Changing Landscapes: Spring-Staging Geese Habituate to Wind Farms | Madsen, J., Boertmann, D. | November 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Static Device | Birds, Waterfowl |
| Another Blown in the Wind: Bats and the Licensing of Wind Farms in Brazil | Valença, R., Bernard, E. | October 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Application of Isoscapes to Determine Geographic Origin of Terrestrial Wildlife for Conservation and Management | Vander Zanden, H., et al. | December 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | N/A |
| Assessing Avian-Wind Turbine Collision Risk: An Approach Angle Dependent Model | Holmstrom, L., et al. | June 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds, Raptors |
| Assessing local population vulnerability with branching process models: an application to wind energy development | Erickson, R., et al. | December 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats, Birds |
| Assessing Risk to Birds from Industrial Wind Energy Development via Paired Resource Selection Models | Miller, T., et al. | January 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds |
| Assessing space use by pre-breeding white-tailed eagles in the context of wind-energy development in Finland | Balotari-Chiebao, F., et al. | September 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| Assessing spring direct mortality to avifauna from wind energy facilities in the Dakotas | Graff, B., et al. | March 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats, Birds |
| Assessing the Cumulative Impacts of Wind Farms on Peatland Birds: A Case Study of Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria in Scotland | Pearce-Higgins, J., et al. | May 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Shorebirds |
| Assessing the Impact of Wind Farms on the Plant Diversity of Blanket Bogs in the Xistral Mountains (NW Spain) | Fraga, M., et al. | April 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Static Device | Ecosystem |
| Assessing the Potential Impact of Wind Turbines on the Endangered Galapagos Petrel Pterodroma phaeopygia at San Cristóbal Island, Galapagos | Cruz-Delgado, F., Wiedenfeld, D., Gonzalez, J. | March 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds |
| Assessment of bat and avian mortality at a pilot wind turbine at Coega, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa | Doty, A., Martin, A. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats, Birds |
| Assessment of Diurnal Wind Turbine Collision Risk for Grassland Birds on the Southern Great Plains | Wulff, S., Butler, M., Ballard, W. | June 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds |
| Assessment of the Environmental Impacts of a Wind Farm in Central Greece during its Life Cycle | Abeliotis, K., Pactiti, D. | January 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment |
| At the Heart of a Sustainable Energy Transition: The Public Acceptability of Energy Projects | Perlaviciute, G., et al. | January 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Socio-economics, Stakeholder Engagement |
| Attitudes of U.S. Wind Turbine Neighbors: Analysis of a Nationwide Survey | Hoen, B., et al. | November 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Auditory Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Subjects with Wind Turbine Noise | Maffei, L., et al. | January 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| Automated monitoring for birds in flight: Proof of concept with eagles at a wind power facility | McClure, C., Marinson, L., Allison, T. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Birds, Raptors |
| Avian and Bat Fatality Rates at Old-Generation and Repowered Wind Turbines in California | Smallwood, K., Karas, B. | September 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats, Birds, Raptors |
| Avian Collision Mortality at 50- and 60- m Guyed Towers in Central California | Kerlinger, P., et al. | February 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Static Device | Birds, Passerines |
| Avian Collision Threat Assessment at 'Bhambarwadi Wind Farm Plateau' in Northern Western Ghats, India | Pande, S., et al. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds |
| Avian Collisions at Two Wind Farms in Tasmania, Australia: Taxonomic and Ecological Characteristics of Colliders Versus Non-Colliders | Hull, C., et al. | February 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds |
| Avian Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities in North America: A Comparison of Recent Approaches | Johnson, D., et al. | April 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Birds |
| Avoidance Behavior by Prairie Grouse: Implications for Development of Wind Energy | Pruett, C., Patten, M., Wolfe, D. | June 2009 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds |
| Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Mortalities at Wind Energy Facilities in the Contiguous United States | Pagel, J., et al. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds |
| Barbastelle bats in a wind farm: are they at risk? | Apoznanski, G., et al. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Bat activity during autumn relates to atmospheric conditions: implications for coastal wind energy development | Smith, A., McWilliams, S. | December 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Bats |
| Bat Activity in Intensively Farmed Landscapes with Wind Turbines and Offset Measures | Millon, L., et al. | February 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Bat Activity, Composition, and Collision Mortality At a Large Wind Plant in Minnesota | Johnson, G., et al. | December 2004 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Bats |
| Bat Collisions with Wind Turbines in Southwestern Minnesota | Osborn, R., et al. | January 1996 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Bat Deaths and Wind Turbines - A Review of Current Knowledge, and of the Information Available in the Database for Germany | Durr, T., Bach, L. | January 2004 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats |
| Bat fatalities at two wind farms in Tasmania, Australia: bat characteristics, and spatial and temporal patterns | Hull, C., Cawthen, L. | November 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats |
| Bat Fatalities at Wind Farms in North-Eastern Greece | Georgiakakis, P., et al. | December 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats |
| Bat Fatalities at Wind Farms in Northern Spain - Lessons to be Learned | Camina, A. | June 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats |
| Bat fatalities at wind farms in Taiwan | Chou, C., et al. | June 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| Bat Fatality at a Wind Energy Facility in the Western Cape, South Africa | Aronson, J., Thomas, A., Jordaan, S. | April 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats |
| Bat flight height monitored from wind masts predicts mortality risk at wind farms | Roemer, C., et al. | November 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision | Bats |
| Bat Mortalities at a Wind Energy Facility in North Dakota | Bicknell, L., Gilliam, E. | November 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Bats |
| Bat Mortality and Activity at a Northern Iowa Wind Resource Area | Jain, A., et al. | January 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Bats |
| Bat Mortality at a Wind Power Facility in Central Canada | Jameson, J., Willis, C. | November 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats |
| Bat Mortality at a Wind-Energy Facility in Southeastern Wisconsin | Grodsky, S., et al. | September 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats |
| Bat Mortality at Wind Turbines in Northwestern Europe | Rydell, J., et al. | July 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| Bat mortality due to collision with wind turbines in Kutch District, Gujarat, India | Kumar, S., Samsoor-Ali, A., Arun, P. | September 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
| Bat Mortality Due to Wind Turbines in Canada | Zimmerling, J., Francis, C. | November 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Dynamic Device | Bats |
| Bats are not birds and other problems with Sovacool's (2009) analysis of animal fatalities due to electricity generation | Willis, C., et al. | April 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds |
| Bats in a Mediterranean Mountainous Landscape: Does Wind Farm Repowering Induce Changes at Assemblage and Species Level? | Ferri, V., Battisti, C., Soccini, C. | June 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Bats |
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