Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.
| Title | Author* | Date** | Type of Content | Technology Types | Stressors |
Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consequences of a Cumulative Perspective on Marine Environmental Impacts: Offshore Wind Farming and Seabirds at North Sea Scale in Context of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive | Busch, M., et al. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Farfield Environment |
| Cumulative Impact Assessments and Bird/Wind Farm Interactions: Developing a Conceptual Framework | Masden, E., et al. | January 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Farfield Environment |
| Wind Energy Development and Wildlife Conservation: Challenges and Opportunities | Kuvlesky, W. Jr., et al. | July 2007 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general | N/A | Birds, Farfield Environment |
| A framework to evaluate the environmental impact of OCEAN energy devices | Mendoza, E., et al. | June 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Ocean Current, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Offshore Wind | N/A | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Risk Evaluation for Federally Listed (Roseate Tern, Piping Plover) or Candidate (Red Knot) Bird Species in Offshore Waters: A First Step for Managing the Potential Impacts of Wind Facility Development on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Burger, J., et al. | January 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Farfield Environment |
| Predicting the Large-Scale Consequences of Offshore Wind Turbine Array Development on a North Sea Ecosystem | van der Molen, J., et al. | August 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment |
| Similar Diversity-Disturbance Responses to Different Physical Impacts: Three Cases of Small-Scale Biodiversity Increase in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | De Backer, A., et al. | July 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment |
| Habitat Engineering by Decadal-Scale Bioturbation around Shipwrecks on the Great Barrier Reef Mid-Shelf | Stieglitz, T. | March 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment |
| Disruption to Benthic Habitats by Moorings of Wave Energy Installations: A Modelling Case Study and Implications for Overall Ecosystem Functioning | Krivtsov, V., Linfoot, B. | October 2012 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wave | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment |
| Zooplankton Community Responses and the Relation to Environmental Factors from Established Offshore Wind Farms within the Rudong Coastal Area of China | Wang, T., et al. | July 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality |
| Ecological Risk as a Tool for Evaluating the Effects of Offshore Wind Farm Construction in the North Sea | Nunneri, C., et al. | February 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality |
| Development and application of a low-cost rapid assessment system for coastal benthic habitats | Benjamin, C., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates |
| Impacts Of Wind Farms On Surface Air Temperatures | Traiteur, J., Roy, S. | January 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Potential Climatic Impacts And Reliability Of Very Large-scale Wind Farms | Wang, C., Prinn, G. | January 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Taming Hurricanes with Arrays of Offshore Wind Turbines | Jacobson, M., Archer, C., Kempton, W. | March 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Modeling Large Offshore Wind Farms Under Different Atmospheric Stability Regimes with the Park Wake Model | Peña, A., Réthoré, P., Rathmann, O. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Long-Term, Global-Scale Statistics of Sound Propagation | Cheinet, S. | March 2014 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Farfield Environment |
| Wake Effects of Large Offshore Wind Farms Identified from Satellite SAR | Christiansen, M., Hasager, C. | October 2005 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Wildlife | Goodale, W., Milman, A. | January 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms | Pan, Y., Yan, C., Archer, C. | July 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Nonlocal Inadvertent Weather Modification Associated with Wind Farms in the Central United States | Lauridsen, M., Ancell, B. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Distance Software: Design and Analysis of Distance Sampling Surveys for Estimating Population Size | Thomas, L., et al. | February 2010 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| How Green is 'Green' Energy? | Gibson, L., Wilman, E., Laurance, W. | December 2017 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Riverine, Wind Energy general | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| A New Wave of Marine Evidence-Based Management: Emerging Challenges and Solutions to Transform Monitoring, Evaluating, and Reporting | Addison, P., et al. | December 2017 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Obligations and Aspirations: A Critical Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farm Cumulative Impact Assessments | Willsteed, E., et al. | February 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Impacts of wind farms on land surface temperature | Zhou, L., et al. | July 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| First in situ evidence of wakes in the far field behind offshore wind farms | Platis, A., et al. | February 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | N/A | Physical Environment |
| Experimental study of the impact of large-scale wind farms on land–atmosphere exchanges | Zhang, W., Markfort, C., Porte-Agel, F. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment |
| Micrometeorological impacts of offshore wind farms as seen in observations and simulations | Siedersleben, S., et al. | November 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Uncertainty analysis of soil-pile interactions of monopile offshore wind turbine support structures | Yeter, B., Garbatov, Y., Soares, C. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment |
| Pelagic effects of offshore wind farm foundations in the stratified North Sea | Floeter, J., et al. | August 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment, Fish |
| Wind Energy Development and its Environmental Impact: A Review | Leung, D., Yang, Y. | January 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment, Nearfield Habitat |
| Are We Missing the Boat? Current Uses of Long-Term Biological Monitoring Data in the Evaluation and Management of Marine Protected Areas | Addison, P., Flander, L., Cook, C. | February 2015 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Ecosystem Processes |
| Kármán vortex and turbulent wake generation by wind park piles | Grashorn, S., Stanev, E. | December 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Simulating impacts of real-world wind farms on land surface temperature using the WRF model: physical mechanisms | Xia, G., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Estimating the Political, Economic and Environmental Factors' Impact on the Installed Wind Capacity Development: A System GMM Approach | Biresselioglu, M., et al. | October 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general | N/A | Farfield Environment, Socio-economics |
| The Influence Of Large-Scale Wind Power On Global Climate | Keith, D., et al. | November 2004 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment, Socio-economics, Climate Change |
| Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Potential benefits and secondary impacts | Wiser, R., et al. | October 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Farfield Environment, Socio-economics, Climate Change |
| Coping with Uncertainty in Environmental Impact Assessments: Open Techniques | Cardenas, I., Halman, J. | September 2016 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Farfield Environment, Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| A New Model for Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Renewable Energy Systems: The Case of Wind Turbines | Savino, M., et al. | March 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general | N/A | Farfield Environment, Socio-economics, Life Cycle Assessment |
| Comparison of Recent Oil and Gas, Wind Energy, and Other Anthropogenic Landscape Alteration Factors in Texas Through 2014 | Pierre, J., et al. | May 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Physical Environment |
| Impact of substantial wind farms on the local and regional atmospheric boundary layer: Case study of Zhangbei wind power base in China | Wang, Q., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm | Takle, E., Rajewski, D., Purdy, S. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Influence of Real‐World Wind Turbine Deployments on Local to Mesoscale Climate | Pryor, S., Barthelmie, R., Shepherd, T. | May 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Exploring the wakes of large offshore wind farms | Emeis, S., et al. | January 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Offshore Wind Farm Wake Effect on Stratification and Coastal Upwelling | Paskyabi, M. | December 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Changes in fluxes of heat, H2O, and CO2 caused by a large wind farm | Rajewski, D., et al. | August 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Numerical Study for Wave-Induced Seabed Response around Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation in Donghai Offshore Wind Farm, Shanghai, China | Chang, K., Jeng, D. | July 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Effects of Man-Made Structures on Sedimentary Oxygenation: Extent, Seasonality and Implications for Offshore Renewables | Wilding, T. | June 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Large Eddy Simulation Studies of the Effects of Alignment and Wind Farm Length | Stevens, R., Gayme, D., Meneveau, C. | April 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX): Observations of Surface-Layer, Boundary Layer, and Mesoscale Interactions with a Wind Farm | Rajewski, D., et al. | May 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Evaluation of the nearshore impact of a hybrid wave-wind energy farm | Diaconu, S., Onea, F., Rusu, E. | February 2013 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Spatiotemporal Structure of Wind Farm-atmospheric Boundary Layer Interactions | Cervarich, M., Roy, S., Zhou, L. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Further evidence of impacts of large-scale wind farms on land surface temperature | Walsh-Thomas, J., et al. | October 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Threats to Sandy Beach Ecosystems: A Review | Defeo, O., et al. | January 2009 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Physical Environment |
| On The Influence Of Large Wind Farms On The Upper Ocean Circulation | Broström, G. | November 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Offshore Wind Turbine Wakes Measured by Sodar | Barthelmie, J., et al. | April 2003 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Wind turbine impact on near-ground air temperature | Moravec, D., et al. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island | Onea, F., Rusu, E. | November 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Current and Wave Effects around Windfarm Monopile Foundations | Miles, J., Martin, T, Goddard, L | March 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Foundation Damping and the Dynamics of Offshore Wind Turbine Monopiles | Carswell, W., et al. | August 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Human pressures on UK seabed habitats: a cumulative impact assessment | Foden, J., Rogers, S., Jones, A. | May 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment |
| The Effect of a Giant Wind Farm on Precipitation in a Regional Climate Model | Fiedler, B., Bukovsky, M. | January 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Nature Of Scour Development And Scour Protection At Offshore Windfarm Foundations | Whitehouse, R., et al. | November 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Physical Environment |
| Climatic Impacts of Wind Power | Miller, L., Keith, D. | December 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | N/A | Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Climate Change |
| On the Multi-Scale Interactions Between an Offshore-Wind-Turbine Wake and the Ocean-Sediment Dynamics in an Idealized Framework - A Numerical Investigation | Nagel, T., et al. | January 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Offshore Wind Farms: Foundations and Influence on the Littoral Processes | Esteban, M., et al. | January 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Sediment Transport Patterns at Trafalgar Offshore Windfarm | Besio, G., Losada, M. | May 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| In situ observations of suspended particulate matter plumes at an offshore wind farm, southern North Sea | Baeye, M., Fettweis, M. | August 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| On the Potential Impact of Lake Erie Wind Farms on Water Temperatures and Mixed‐Layer Depths: Some Preliminary 1‐D Modeling Using COHERENS | Afsharian, S., Taylor, P. | February 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality |
| Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on North Sea Stratification | Carpenter, J., et al. | August 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality |
