Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Patterns of Bat Fatality at the Casselman Wind Project in South-Central Pennsylvania: 2008 Annual Report Arnett, E.; Schirmacher, M.; Huso, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Relationships between Bats and Wind Turbines in Pennsylvania and West Virginia: An Assessment of Fatality Search Protocols, Patterns of Fatality, and Behavioral Interactions with Wind Turbines Arnett, E.; Erickson, W.; Kerns, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Monitoring of Seasonal Bird Activity and Mortality on Unit 2 at the Buffalo Ridge Windplant, Minnesota Higgins, K.; Dieter, C.; Usgaard, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
National Wind Technology Center Site Environmental Assessment: Bird and Bat Use and Fatalities - Final Report Schmidt, E.; Piaggo, A.; Bock, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
The Effect of Wind Power on Birds and Bats - A Synthesis Rydell, J.; Engstrom, H.; Hedenstrom, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Ponnequin Wind Energy Project: Reference Site Avian Study Kerlinger, P.; Curry, R.; Ryder, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Raptors, Passerines, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Best Management Practices for siting, developing, operating, and monitoring renewable energy in the Intermountain West: A Conservationist's Guide Jones, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Terrestrial Mammals, Raptors, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds, Bats
Bat Interactions With Wind Turbines at the Buffalo Ridge, Minnesota Wind Resource Area: An Assessment of Bat Activity, Species Composition, and Collision Mortality Johnson, G.; Perlik, M.; Erickson, W.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Bats
Big Blue Wind Energy Project Avian and Bat Protection Plan Western Ecosystems Technology Inc (WEST) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats
Baseline investigations of bats and birds at wind turbine test Centre Asterild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M.; Kahlert, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Historical Challenges of Wind Energy/Wildlife Interactions: How This May Affect Distributed Wind Sinclair, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
Reducing Bat Fatalities from Interactions with Operating Wind Turbines National Wind Technology Center Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Criterion Wind Project Avian Protection Plan Young, D.; Tidhar, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
2012 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Criterion Wind Project Garrett County, Maryland Young, D.; Nations, C.; Lout, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds, Bats
2011 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Criterion Wind Project Garrett County, Maryland Young, D.; Lout, M.; Courage, Z.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2013 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects HT Harvey and Associates Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Terrestrial Mammals
Relating Pre-Construction Bat Activity and Post-Construction Bat Fatality to Predict Risk at Wind Energy Facilities: A Synthesis Hein, C.; Gruver, J.; Arnett, E. Report Collision Bats
A Synthesis of Operational Mitigation Studies to Reduce Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities in North America Arnett, E.; Johnson, G.; Erickson, W.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Radar Monitoring of Bird and Bat Movement Patterns on Block Island and its Coastal Waters Mizrahi, D.; Fogg, R.; Magarian, T.; et al. Report Collision Birds, Bats
AWWI Technical Report: Are Bat Activity and Mortality Best Predicted by Weather Measured On-Site or at Off-Site Regional Airports? Good, R.; Iskali, G.; Clark, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats
Project Icebreaker Bird and Bat Risk Analysis Gordon, C.; Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement Bats, Birds
Texturizing Wind Turbine Towers to Reduce Bat Mortality Bennett, V.; Hendrix, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
The State of the Science on Operational Minimization to Reduce Bat Fatality at Wind Energy Facilities Whitby, M.; Schirmacher, M.; Frick, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Novar Windfarm Ltd Ornithological Monitoring Studies: Breeding Bird and Birdstrike Monitoring 2001 Results & 5-Year Review Bioscan Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors
New Creek Wind Project 2018 Post-construction Monitoring Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
New Creek Wind Project 2017 Post-construction Monitoring Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
AWWI Technical Report: 2nd Edition: Summary of Bat Fatality Monitoring Data Contained in AWWIC Allison, T.; Butryn, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
AWWI Technical Report: Performance of the GenEst Mortality Estimator Compared to the Huso and Shoenfeld Estimators Rabie, P.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Studyvin, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Landscape Factors Associated with Fatalities of Migratory Tree-Roosting Bats at Wind Energy Facilities: An Initial Assessment Peters, K.; Evans, I.; Traiger, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Bats and Offshore Wind Turbines Studied in Southern Scandinavia Ahlén, I.; Bach, L.; Baagøe, H.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Assessing fatality risk of bats at offshore wind turbines Lagerveld, S.; Noort, C.; Meesters, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Probability of Impact Workshop National Wind Coordinating Collaborative Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Avian and Bat Protection Plan: AWA Goodhue Wind Project Westwood Professional Services Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Bats and Bat Habitats: Guidelines for Wind Power Projects Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Report Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats
On-Shore Bird and Bat Pre- and Post-Construction Monitoring Protocol for Commercial Wind Energy Facilities in Ohio: An Addendum to the Ohio Department of Natural Resources Voluntary Cooperative Agreement Ohio Department of Natural Resources Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Impacts on Wildlife and Government Responsibilities for Regulating Development and Protecting Wildlife Office, United States Government Accountability Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
Biglow Canyon Wind Farm – Phase III - Year 1 Avian and Bat Monitoring Report Enk, T.; Bay, K.; Sonnenberg, M.; et al. Report Collision Bats, Birds
Avian, bat and habitat cumulative impacts associated with wind energy development in the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion of Eastern Washington and Oregon Johnson, G.; Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Ultrasonic Acoustic Deterrent in Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities - Final Report Arnett, E.; Hein, C.; Schirmacher, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
Birds, Bats and Coastal Wind Farm Development in Maine: A Literature Review Goodale, W.; Divoll, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Bat Evaluation Monitoring Studies at the Fowler Ridge Wind Farm Benton County, Indiana Good, R.; Sonnenberg, M.; Simon, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Nine Canyon Wind Power Project Avian and Bat Monitoring Report Erickson, W.; Kronner, K.; Gritski, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Searches for dead birds in Smøla wind-power plant area 2011 - annual report Reitan, O. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Wind Turbines and Bats - A Pilot Study Ahlén, I. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Passerines, Birds, Bats
Synthesis and Comparison of Baseline Avian and Bat Use, Raptor Nesting and Mortality Information from Proposed and Existing Wind Developments Erickson, W.; Johnson, G.; Young, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
Results of Bat and Bird Mortality Monitoring at the Expanded Buffalo Mountain Windfarm, 2005 Fiedler, J.; Henry, T.; Tankersley, R. Jr.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Passerines, Birds, Bats
Bat Impact Assessment: Latrodex Wind Energy Facility Dippenaar, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Environmental Impact Assessment
Post-Construction Bird and Bat Fatality Monitoring Study Crowned Ridge II Wind Farm Codington, Grant, and Deuel Counties, South Dakota Chodachek, K.; Suehring, A.; Wilson, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Leaning Juniper II Wind Power Facility Wildlife Fatality Monitoring Study January 2011-July 2013 Downes, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds

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