Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
The Effect of Wind Power on Birds and Bats - A Synthesis Rydell, J.; Engstrom, H.; Hedenstrom, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Best Management Practices for siting, developing, operating, and monitoring renewable energy in the Intermountain West: A Conservationist's Guide Jones, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Terrestrial Mammals, Raptors, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds, Bats
Baseline investigations of bats and birds at wind turbine test Centre Asterild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M.; Kahlert, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Bird Migration Monitoring in the AES Geo Power Wind Park Territory, Kaliakra Region, in Autumn 2012, and Analysis of Potential Impact after Three Years' Operation Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Criterion Wind Project Avian Protection Plan Young, D.; Tidhar, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
2011 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Criterion Wind Project Garrett County, Maryland Young, D.; Lout, M.; Courage, Z.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Using a Collision Risk Model to Assess Bird Collision Risks for Offshore Wind Farms Band, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
A Review of Flight Heights and Avoidance Rates of Birds in Relation to Offshore Wind Farms Cook, A.; Johnson, A.; Wright, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Seabirds & Offshore Wind Farms Monitoring Results 2011 Vanermen, N.; Stienen, E.; Onkelinx, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds
Horns Rev 2 Offshore Wind Farm Bird Monitoring Program 2010-2012 Skov, H.; Leonhard, S.; Heinänen, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Analysis of the Argyll Array Turbine Layout Iterations in Relation to Ornithological Constraints Bullman, R.; Shaylon, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Vulnerability of Scottish Seabirds to Offshore Wind Turbines Furness, B.; Wade, H. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Assessment of effectiveness of the IdentiFlight® avian detection system Rogers, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
A Review of Methods to Monitor Collisions or Micro-Avoidance of Birds with Offshore Wind Turbines - Part 2: Feasibility Study of Systems to Monitor Collisions Collier, M.; Dirksen, S.; Krijgsveld, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
Strategic Joint Industry Project No.1: Bird avoidance behavior and collision impact monitoring at Offshore Windfarms Marine Scotland Science; Scottish Government; UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC); et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
New Zealand Falcon Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Hurunui Wind Farm Meridian Energy Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Raptors, Birds
Searches for dead birds in Smøla wind-power plant area 2011 - annual report Reitan, O. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Strategic Impact Assessment of Offshore Windpower in Norway - Impacts on Seabirds Lorensten, S.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, S.; Follestad, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Evaluation of the DTBird Video-System at the Smøla Wind-Power Plant: Detection Capabilities for Capturing Near-Turbine Avian Behaviour May, R.; Hamre, Ø.; Vang, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy Collision Birds
Marine birds: vision-based wind turbine collision mitigation Martin, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Study to Examine how Seabird Collision Risk, Displacement and Barrier Effects Could be Integrated for Assessment of Offshore Wind Developments Searle, K.; Butler, A.; Mobbs, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Feasibility of extending SeabORD to the entire breeding season: study Searle, K.; Jones, E.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
A review to inform the assessment of the risk of collision and displacement in petrels and shearwaters from offshore wind developments in Scotland Deakin, Z.; Cook, A.; Daunt, F.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Fish
Ecosystem Benefits of Floating Offshore Wind Haberlin, D.; Cohuo, A.; Doyle, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Post-Construction Bird and Bat Fatality Monitoring Study Crowned Ridge II Wind Farm Codington, Grant, and Deuel Counties, South Dakota Chodachek, K.; Suehring, A.; Wilson, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Pre-Construction Avian and Bat Survey Report Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment
Measuring and visualizing environmental and social impacts of wind energy projects Pian, A.; Verhoef, J.; De Vries, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions
Monitoring of Spring Bird Migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2021-2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
A Habitat-Based Wind-Wildlife Collision Model with Application to the Upper Great Plains Region Forcey, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Acceptable Levels of Impact from offshore wind farms on the Dutch Continental Shelf for 21 bird species Potiek, A.; Ijntema, G.J.; van Kooten, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Regional Analysis of Wind Turbine-caused Bat and Bird Fatality: Final Report Drake, D.; Schumacher, S.; Sponsler, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Landscape Decisions to Meet Net Zero Carbon: Pathways that consider ethics, socio-ecological diversity, and landscape functions. Landscape Decisions Report Cole, B.; Gardner, E.; Willcock, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Review of seabird monitoring technologies for offshore wind farms Nicholls, A.; Barker, M.; Armitage, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds
Where eagles nest, the wind also blows: consolidating habitat and energy needs Wilson, J.; Wilson, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Literature Review on Barrier Effects, Ghost Fishing, and Electromagnetic Fields for Floating Windfarms Williamson, L. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, EMF, Entanglement Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Wind development and wildlife mitigation in Wyoming: a primer Jakle, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Identifying migrant waterfowl and waterbird stopovers to inform wind energy development siting within Saginaw Bay Monfils, M.; Gehring, J. Report Wind Energy Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Advanced Collision Detection and Site Monitoring for Avian and Bat Species for Offshore Wind Energy (Final Technical Report) Albertani, R.; Johnston, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Bird and Bat Collision Risks & Wind Energy Facilities Willmott, J.; Allison Costello, E.; Gordon, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Getting ready for offshore wind farm expansion in the North Sea Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
South Fork Wind: Conditions of Construction and Operations Plan Approval Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Floating Offshore Wind: Environmental Interactions Roadmap: Public Summary Report ORE Catapult; Xodus Group Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation
Powering Healthy Seas: Accelerating Nature Positive Offshore Wind Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Avian and Bat Protection Plan for the Ocotillo Wind Energy Facility Ocotillo Express Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Raptors
Guidelines for Reducing Impacts to Wildlife from Wind Energy Development in Arizona Arizona Game and Fish Department Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Draft Black Oak & Getty Wind Avian and Bat Protection Plan Black Oak Wind; Getty Wind Company Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds

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