Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Reducing the Collision Risk for Bats at Onshore Wind Turbines (RENEBAT II) Behr, O.; Brinkmann, R.; Korner-Nievergelt, F.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Synopsis des internationalen Kenntnisstandes zum Einfluss der Windenergie auf Fledermäuse und Vögel und Spezifizierung für die Schweiz Muller, J.; Warnke, M.; Reichenbach, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Framework for Testing the Effectiveness of Bat and Eagle Impact-Reduction Strategies at Wind Energy Projects Sinclair, K.; DeGeorge, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Raptors, Birds, Bats
An Assessment of the Bat Fauna at the Hepburn Community Wind Farm, Leonards Hill, Victoria Richards, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Fågelundersökningar vid Storruns vindkraftanläggning, Jämtland (Bird surveys at Storrun's wind farm, Jämtland) Falkdalen, U.; Lindahl, L.; Nygård, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
A Synchronized Sensor Array for Remote Monitoring of Avian and Bat Interactions with Offshore Renewable Energy Facilities Suryan, R.; Albertani, R.; Polagye, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Understanding the Risk of European Protected Species (Bats) at Onshore Wind Turbine Sites to Inform Risk Management Mathews, F.; Richardson, S.; Lintott, P.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Review of Methods and Techniques for Field Validation of Collision Rates and Avoidance Amongst Birds and Bats at Offshore Wind Turbines Dirksen, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Bats
A Habitat-Based Wind-Wildlife Collision Model with Application to the Upper Great Plains Region Forcey, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
A Summary of Bat Fatality Data in a Nationwide Database Allison, T.; Butryn, R. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2014 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2015 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2016 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2017 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2018 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Regional Analysis of Wind Turbine-caused Bat and Bird Fatality: Final Report Drake, D.; Schumacher, S.; Sponsler, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Post‐Construction Bat and Bird Fatality Study at the Blue Sky Green Field Wind Energy Center, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin: July 21, 2008 – October 31, 2008 and March 15, 2009 – June 4, 2009 Gruver, J.; Sonnenburg, M.; Bay, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Reindeer and windpower Skarin, A.; Nellemann, C.; Sandström, P.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Terrestrial Mammals
Landscape Decisions to Meet Net Zero Carbon: Pathways that consider ethics, socio-ecological diversity, and landscape functions. Landscape Decisions Report Cole, B.; Gardner, E.; Willcock, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Reducing Bat Fatalities From Interactions with Operating Wind Turbines (Fact Sheet) Lawson, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Preliminary Data Aggregation and Analysis of the Effects on Fish, Marine Mammals, and other Marine Organisms, and the Habitats that Support them, from a Proposed Offshore Wind Farm off the Coast of Grays Harbor, Washington Severy, M.; Overhus, D.; Tugade, L.; et al. Report Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles, Climate Change, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Bird and Bat Collision Risks & Wind Energy Facilities Willmott, J.; Allison Costello, E.; Gordon, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Ultrasonic Bat Deterrent Technology Kinzie, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Evaluating a Novel Approach to Optimize Operational Minimization to Reduce Bat Fatalities at the Pinnacle Wind Farm, Mineral County, West Virginia, 2015 Schirmacher, M.; Prichard, A.; Mabee, T.; et al. Report Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Bats
Migratory Bird Research for the Proposed County Line Wind Energy Site: Fall 2011 Field Season Gehring, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
First year post-construction monitoring of bats and birds at Wind Turbine Test Centre Østerild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M. Report Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Year 1 Post-construction Avian and Bat Monitoring Report: Biglow Canyon Wind Farm Phase II Sherman County, Oregon Enk, T.; Bay, K.; Sonnenberg, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Mortality Monitoring at the Alta X Wind Energy Project, Kern County, California. Final Report for the Second Year of Operation: April 2015 – April 2016 Thompson, J.; Boyd, C.; Lombardi, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Mortality Monitoring at the Alta Wind Energy Center, Phase X, Kern County, California. Final Report for the First Year of Operation: March 2014 – March 2015 Chatfield, A.; Levenstein, K.; DiDonato, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
2008/2009 Annual Report for the Buena Vista Avian and Bat Monitoring Project Insignia Environmental Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Final 2012-2013 Annual Report Avian and Bat Monitoring Project Vasco Winds, LLC Brown, K.; Smallwood, K.; Karas, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
The Role of Regional-Scale Weather Variables in Predicting Bat Mortality and Bat Acoustic Activity: Potential for Use in the Development of Smart Curtailment Algorithms Farnsworth, A.; Horton, K.; Heist, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Post-Construction Avian Monitoring Study for the Shiloh II Wind Power Project Solano County, California Kerlinger, P.; Curry, R.; Culp, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Tier 4 Post-Construction Mortality Monitoring Study for the Odell Wind Energy Project Cottonwood and Jackson Counties, Minnesota: Final Fatality Report December 2016 – December 2017 Chodachek, K.; Gustafson, Z. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Ripley Wind Power Project Post-Construction Monitoring Report Jacques Whitford Stantec Limited Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Annual Report for the Noble Bliss Windpark, LLC Postconstruction Bird and Bat Fatality Study 2008 Jain, A.; Kerlinger, P.; Curry, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Klondike IIIa (Phase 2) Wind Power Project Wildlife Monitoring Year One Summary August 2008–August 2009 Gritski, B.; Downes, S.; Kronner, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Klondike III (Phase 1) Wind Power Project Wildlife Monitoring Study October 2007–October 2009 Gritski, B.; Downes, S.; Kronner, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of Offshore Wind and Marine Renewable Energy in Northern Ireland Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Passerines, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Capercaillie and Wind Energy: An international research project Taubmann, J.; Coppes, J.; Andrén, H. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
The State of the Science on Operational Minimization to Reduce Bat Fatality at Wind Energy Facilities Whitby, M.; Schirmacher, M.; Frick, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
AWWI Technical Report: 2nd Edition: Summary of Bat Fatality Monitoring Data Contained in AWWIC Allison, T.; Butryn, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Bat Impact Minimization Technology: An Improved Bat Deterrent for the Full Rotor Swept Area of Any Wind Turbine Cooper, D.; Green, T.; Miller, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Noise Bats
Texturizing Wind Turbine Towers to Reduce Bat Mortality Bennett, V.; Hendrix, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
AWWI Technical Report: Performance of the GenEst Mortality Estimator Compared to the Huso and Shoenfeld Estimators Rabie, P.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Studyvin, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Landscape Factors Associated with Fatalities of Migratory Tree-Roosting Bats at Wind Energy Facilities: An Initial Assessment Peters, K.; Evans, I.; Traiger, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Novar Windfarm Ltd Ornithological Monitoring Studies: Breeding Bird and Birdstrike Monitoring 2001 Results & 5-Year Review Bioscan Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors
Assessing fatality risk of bats at offshore wind turbines Lagerveld, S.; Noort, C.; Meesters, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Developing a science-based approach to defining key species of birds and bats of concern for wind farm developments in Victoria Lumsden, L.; Moloney, P.; Smales, I. Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds
Bats and Offshore Wind Turbines Studied in Southern Scandinavia Ahlén, I.; Bach, L.; Baagøe, H.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats

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