The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type Sort descending | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Field validation of radar systems for monitoring bird migration | Nilsson, C.; Dokter, A.; Schmid, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
Environmental Impact of Solar and Wind energy- A Review | Hamed, T.; Alshare, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Wind Farms and Power Lines Have Negative Effects on Territory Occupancy in Eurasian Eagle Owls (Bubo bubo) | Husby, M.; Pearson, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Noise | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Significant decline of Griffon Vulture collision mortality in wind farms during 13-year of a selective turbine stopping protocol | Ferrer, M.; Alloing, A.; Baumbush, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Game bird carcasses are less persistent than raptor carcasses, but can predict raptor persistence dynamics | Hallingstad, E.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Brown, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Flight Type and Seasonal Movements Are Important Predictors for Avian Collisions in Wind Farms | Puente, A.; Balmori, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
A review of raptor carcass persistence trials and the practical implications for fatality estimation at wind farms | Wilson, D.; Hulka, S.; Bennun, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development | Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
The species-specificity of energy landscapes for soaring birds, and its consequences for transferring suitability models across species | Scacco, M.; Arrondo, E.; Donazar, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Balancing future renewable energy infrastructure siting and associated habitat loss for migrating whooping cranes | Ellis, K.; Pearse, A.; Brandt, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Assessing the spatial distribution of avian collision risks at wind turbine structures in Brandenburg, Germany | Bose, A.; Durr, T.; Klenke, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Comprehensive Bird Preservation at Wind Farms | Gradolwski, D.; Dziak, D.; Martynow, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Comparing methods to estimate the proportion of turbine-induced bird and bat mortality in the search area under a road and pad search protocol | Maurer, J.; Huso, M.; Dalthorp, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Non-territorial GPS-tagged golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos at two Scottish wind farms: Avoidance influenced by preferred habitat distribution, wind speed and blade motion status | Fielding, A.; Anderson, D.; Benn, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values | Copping, A.; Gorton, A.; May, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement | |
Relative energy production determines effect of repowering on wildlife mortality at wind energy facilities | Huso, M.; Conkling, T.; Dalthorp, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Identifying Birds' Collision Risk with Wind Turbines Using a Multidimensional Utilization Distribution Method | Khosravifard, S.; Skidmore, A.; Naimi, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Predicting strike susceptibility and collision patterns of the common buzzard at wind turbine structures in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany | Bose, A.; Durr, T.; Klenke, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
An evaluation of bird and bat mortality at wind turbines in the Northeastern United States | Choi, D.; Wittig, T.; Kluever, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Paint it black: Efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities | May, R.; Nygård, T.; Falkdalen, U.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl | |
High-Resolution Modeling of Uplift Landscapes can Inform Micrositing of Wind Turbines for Soaring Raptors | Hanssen, F.; May, R.; Nygård, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
The human dimensions of a green–green-dilemma: Lessons learned from the wind energy — wildlife conflict in Germany | Straka, T.; Fritze, M.; Voigt, C. | Journal Article | Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Developing an efficient protocol for monitoring eagle fatalities at wind energy facilities | Hallingstad, E.; Rabie, P.; Telander, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Minimal effects of wind turbines on the distribution of wintering farmland birds | Devereux, C.; Denny, M.; Whittingham, M. | Journal Article | Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Wind Energy Development: Methods for Assessing Risks to Birds and Bats Pre-Construction | Katzner, T.; Bennett, V.; Miller, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds | |
Avian Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities in North America: A Comparison of Recent Approaches | Johnson, D.; Loss, S.; Smallwood, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Prioritizing Avian Species for Their Risk of Population Level Consequences from Wind Energy Development | Beston, J.; Diffendorfer, J.; Loss, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds | |
Quantifying the Demographic Cost of Human-Related Mortality to a Raptor Population | Hunt, W.; Wiens, J.; Law, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Post-construction bird and bat fatality monitoring studies at wind energy projects in Latin America: A summary and review | Agudelo, S.; Mabee, T.; Palmer, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Assessing the vulnerability of breeding bird populations to onshore wind-energy developments in Finland | Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Valkama, J.; Byholm, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds | |
Demographic and potential biological removal models identify raptor species sensitive to current and future wind energy | Diffendorfer, J.; Stanton, J.; Beston, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Assessing carcass relocation for offsetting golden eagle mortality at wind energy facilities | Lonsdorf, E.; Gerber, J.; Ray, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Habitat use, disturbance and collision risk for Bewick’s Swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii wintering near a wind farm in the Netherlands | Fijn, R.; Krijgsveld, K.; Tijsen, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Incidental eagle carcass detection can contribute to fatality estimation at operating wind energy facilities | Hallingstad, E.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Brown, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions | |
Unlocking the Potential of Wind Energy With Machine Learning-Based Avian Detection: A Call to Action | Principato, M.; Hasselwander, L.; Stangner, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Seasonal patterns of bird and bat collision fatalities at wind turbines | Lloyd, J.; Butryn, R.; Pearman-Gillman, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Protecting avian wildlife for wind farm siting: The Screening Tool Proof of Concept | Salkanovic, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions | |
EolPop, a R-shiny tool for quantifying the demographic impact of species exposed to fatalities: Application to bird collisions with wind turbines | Chambert, T.; Duriez, O.; Deleaux, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Detection of wind turbines rotary motion by birds: A matter of speed and contrast | Blary, C.; Bonadonna, F.; Dussauze, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Passerines, Raptors | |
Responses of GPS-Tagged Territorial Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos to Wind Turbines in Scotland | Fielding, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Wind farms and Griffon Vultures: Evidence that under certain conditions history is not-always turbulent | Farfan, M.; Díaz-Ruiz, F.; Duarte, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
A Predictive Flight-Altitude Model for Avoiding Future Conflicts Between an Emblematic Raptor and Wind Energy Development in the Swiss Alps | Vignali, S.; Lörcher, F.; Hegglin, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Responses of birds and mammals to long-established wind farms in India | Kumara, H.; Babu, S.; Rao, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Terrestrial Mammals | |
Flight Altitudes of Raptors in Southern Africa Highlight Vulnerability of Threatened Species to Wind Turbines | McClure, C.; Dunn, L.; McCabe, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based system to curtail wind turbines to reduce eagle collisions | Duerr, A.; Parsons, A.; Nagy, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Quantifying Raptors’ Flight Behavior to Assess Collision Risk and Avoidance Behavior to Wind Turbines | Linder, A.; Lyhne, H.; Laubek, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Factors influencing wind turbine avoidance behaviour of a migrating soaring bird | Santos, C.; Ramesh, H.; Ferraz, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Hotspots in the grid: Avian sensitivity and vulnerability to collision risk from energy infrastructure interactions in Europe and North Africa | Gauld, J.; Silva, J.; Atkinson, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds | |
Using weather radar to help minimize wind energy impacts on nocturnally migrating birds | Cohen, E.; Buler, J.; Horton, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
Vulnerability of avian populations to renewable energy production | Conkling, T.; Zanden, H.; Allison, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds |
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