The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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How to strive for balance of coastal wind energy development with waterbird conservation in the important coastal wetlands, a case study in the Chongming Islands of East China | Li, B.; Yuan, X.; Chen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl | |
Underwater Visual Records of Marine Megafauna Around Offshore Anthropogenic Structures | Todd, V.; Lazar, L.; Williamson, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles | |
Assessing Cumulative Exposure of Northern Gannets to Offshore Wind Farms | Goodale, M.; Milman, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Minimizing wildlife impacts for offshore wind energy development: Winning tradeoffs for seabirds in space and cetaceans in time | Best, B.; Halpin, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Risks to different populations and age classes of gannets from impacts of offshore wind farms in the southern North Sea | Pollock, C.; Lane, J.; Buckingham, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
The effects of atmospheric currents on the migratory behavior of soaring birds: a review | Nourani, E.; Yamaguchi, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds | |
Northern gannets (Morus bassanus) are strongly affected by operating offshore wind farms during the breeding season | Peschko, V.; Mendel, B.; Mercker, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation | Hammar, L.; Perry, D.; Gullström, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Effects of offshore wind farms on birds: "Cuisinarts of the sky" or just tilting at windmills? | Tingley, M. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Seabirds, Passerines, Birds | |
Do migrating birds avoid offshore wind turbines? A method to investigate and analyze reactions of diurnally migrating birds to offshore wind farms | Aumuller, R.; Boos, K.; Freienstein, S.; et al. | Magazine Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Estimation of seabird numbers in the German North Sea throughout the annual cycle and their biogeographic importance | Garthe, S.; Sonntag, N.; Schwemmer, P.; et al. | Magazine Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
2nd Iteration: Effect of turbine capacity on collision numbers for three large gull species, based on revised density data, when assessing cumulative effects of offshore wind farms on birds in the southern North Sea | van der Wal, J.; Fijn, R.; Gyimesi, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Iteration cycle: Dealing with peaks in counts of birds following active fishing vessels when assessing cumulative effects of offshore wind farms and other human activities in the Southern North Sea | Leopold, M.; Collier, M.; Gyimesi, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
A first approach to deal with cumulative effects on birds and bats of offshore wind farms and other human activities in the Southern North Sea | Leopold, M.; Boonman, M.; Collier, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Seabirds | ||
Seabirds? What seabirds? An exploratory study into the origin of seabirds visiting the SE North Sea and their survival bottlenecks | Leopold, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Seabirds as samplers of the marine environment - a case study of northern gannets | Garthe, S.; Peschko, V.; Kubetzki, U.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Seabirds, Birds | |
Identifying ecologically important marine areas for seabirds using behavioural information in combination with distribution patterns | Camphuysen, K.; Shamoun-Baranes, J.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Tracking seabirds to identify ecologically important and high risk marine areas in the western North Atlantic | Montevecchi, W.; Hedd, A.; Tranquilla, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Effects of the alpha ventus offshore test site on distribution patterns, behaviour and flight heights of seabirds | Mendel, B.; Kotzerka, J.; Sommerfeld, J.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Population Trends of Breeding Seabird Colonies in Scottish SPAs | Malcolm, F.; Lye, G.; Lewis, M. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Population Sizes of Seabirds breeding in Scottish Special Protection Areas | Lewis, M.; Lye, G.; Pendlebury, C.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Population Consequences of Displacement from Proposed Offshore Wind Energy Developments for Seabirds Breeding at Scottish SPAs | Searle, K.; Mobbs, D.; Butler, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Nocturnal flight activity of northern gannets Morus bassanus and implications for modelling collision risk at offshore wind farms | Furness, R.; Garthe, S.; Trinder, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Measuring the Interaction Between Marine Features of Special Protection Areas with Offshore Wind Farm Development Sites Through Telemetry: Final Report | Thaxter, C.; Ross-Smith, V.; Clark, N.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Collision | Seabirds, Birds | |
Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Wildlife [Thesis] | Goodale, M. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Assessing the Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Seabird Foraging Guilds Along the East Coast of the United States | Goodale, M.; Milman, A.; Griffin, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Resource selection and wintering phenology of White-winged Scoters in southern New England: Implications for offshore wind energy development | Meattey, D.; McWilliams, S.; Paton, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Seabird Distribution and Abundance in the Offshore Environment Final Report | Kuletz, K.; Labunski, E. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Modeling At-Sea Occurrence and Abundance of Marine Birds to Support Atlantic Marine Renewable Energy Planning: Phase 1 Report | Kinlan, B.; Winship, A.; White, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Key Seabird Areas in Southern New England Identified Using a Community Occupancy Model | Flanders, N.; Gardner, B.; Winiarski, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
The Avoidance Rates of Collision Between Birds and Offshore Turbines | Cook, A.; Humphreys, E.; Masden, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Evaluating habitat, prey, and mesopredator associations in a community of marine birds | Goyert, H.; Gardner, B.; Veit, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Marine Energy | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Predicting the offshore distribution and abundance of marine birds with a hierarchical community distance sampling model | Goyert, H.; Gardner, B.; Sollmann, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Density dependence and marine bird populations: are wind farm assessments precautionary? | Horswill, C.; O'Brien, S.; Robinson, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Potential Interaction Analysis of Offshore Wind Energy Areas and Breeding Avian Species on the US Mid-Atlantic Coast | Wisman, J.; Maxwell, S. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Breeding density, fine-scale tracking, and large-scale modeling reveal the regional distribution of four seabird species | Wakefield, E.; Owen, E.; Baer, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Displacement of seabirds by an offshore wind farm in the North Sea | Welcker, J.; Nehls, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Displacement | Seabirds, Birds | |
High-resolution sea duck distribution modeling: Relating aerial and ship survey data to food resources, anthropogenic pressures, and topographic variables | Heinänen, S.; Zydelis, R.; Dorsch,M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Attraction, avoidance and habitat use at various spatial scales | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Influence of offshore windmills on migration birds in southeast coast of Sweden | Pettersson, J.; Stalin, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Vertical Flow Simulations Using the Mesoscale Model to Assess Impacts on Soaring Birds around Offshore Wind Turbines | Konagaya, M.; Takahashi, M.; Kato, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds | |
Effects of offshore windfarms on seabird abundance: Strong effects in spring and in the breeding season | Peschko, V.; Mendel, B.; Müller, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Estimating flight heights of seabirds using optical rangefinders and GPS data loggers: a methodological comparison | Borkenhagen, K.; Corman, A.; Garthe, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Synthesizing expert opinion to assess the at-sea risks to seabirds in the western North Atlantic | Lieske, D.; Tranquilla, L.; Ronconi, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site | Ingram, E.; Cerrato, R.; Dunton, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish | |
Factors influencing wind turbine avoidance behaviour of a migrating soaring bird | Santos, C.; Ramesh, H.; Ferraz, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Hotspots in the grid: Avian sensitivity and vulnerability to collision risk from energy infrastructure interactions in Europe and North Africa | Gauld, J.; Silva, J.; Atkinson, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds | |
Seabird Biodiversity and Human Activities | Ramos, J.; Pereira, L. | Book | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Seabirds and Marine Renewable Energy Sources | Harwood, A.; King, S. | Book Chapter | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Birds, Seabirds |
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