Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.
| Title | Author* |
Date** |
Type of Content | Technology Types | Stressors | Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Automated detection and tracking of marine mammals: A novel sonar tool for monitoring effects of marine industry | Hastie, G., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Best available science? Are NOAA Fisheries marine mammal noise exposure guidelines up to date? | Stocker, M. | May 2019 | Conference Paper | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Providing ecological context to anthropogenic subsea noise: Assessing listening space reductions of marine mammals from tidal energy devices | Pine, M., et al. | April 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Empirical Determination of Severe Trauma in Seals from Collisions with Tidal Turbine Blade | Onoufriou, J., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds, Marine Spatial Planning |
| Three‐dimensional movements of harbour seals in a tidally energetic channel: Application of a novel sonar tracking system | Hastie, G., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Monitoring getijdenturbines Oosterscheldekering Jaarrapportage 2018 | Leopold, M., Scholl, M. | March 2019 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Detection of Visual Signatures of Marine Mammals and Fish within Marine Renewable Energy Farms using Multibeam Imaging Sonar | Francisco, F., Sundberg, J. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general | N/A | Fish, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Empirical measures of harbor seal behavior and avoidance of an operational tidal turbine | Joy, R., et al. | November 2018 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Marine Mammal Behavioral Response to Tidal Turbine Sound | Robertson, F., et al. | June 2018 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Tidal | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Harbour Seals Avoid Tidal Turbine Noise: Implications for Collision Risk | Hastie, G., et al. | March 2018 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) around an operational tidal turbine in Strangford Narrows: No barrier effect but small changes in transit behaviour | Sparling, C., Lonergan, M., McConnell, B. | February 2018 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Mechanical properties of harbor seal skin and blubber a test of anisotropy | Grear, M., et al. | February 2018 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Determining the Water Column Usage by Seals in the Brims Lease Site | Evers, C., et al. | November 2017 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Pentland Firth Meygen AR1500 Multi-beam Echosounder Data: SGDS Project |
Atlantis Resources |
February 2017 | Dataset | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Fine-scale harbour seal at-sea usage mapping around Orkney and the North coast of Scotland | Jones, E., et al. | December 2016 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Pentland Firth MeyGen Harbour Seal Telemetry Data |
Atlantis Resources |
October 2016 | Dataset | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Non‐lethal management of carnivore predation: long‐term tests with a startle reflex‐based deterrence system on a fish farm | Götz, T., Janik, V. | June 2016 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Seal Telemetry Inventory | Sparling, C. | March 2016 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Harbor Seal - Tidal Turbine Collision Risk Models. An Assessment of Sensitivities. | Wood, J., Joy, R., Sparling, C. | March 2016 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Refining Estimates of Collision Risk for Harbour Seals and Tidal Turbines | Band, B., et al. | January 2016 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Data Based Estimates of Collision Risk: An Example Based on Harbour Seal Tracking Data around a Proposed Tidal Turbine Array in the Pentland Firth | Thompson, D., et al. | January 2016 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Tidal | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Numerical Modeling of the Impact Response of Tidal Devices and Marine Mammals | Grear, M., Motley, M. | September 2015 | Conference Paper | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Hearing Thresholds of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) for Playbacks of Seal Scarer Signals, and Effects of the Signals on Behavior | Kastelein, R., et al. | September 2015 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| MR7.2.2 Collision Risk and Impact Study: Examination of Models for Estimating the Risk of Collisions Between Seals and Tidal Turbines | Lonergan, M., Thompson, D. | July 2015 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| MR7.2.3 Collision Risk and Impact Study: Field Tests of Turbine Blade-Seal Carcass Collisions | Thompson, D., et al. | July 2015 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| MR8.1 Tests of Acoustic Signals for Aversive Sound Mitigation with Harbour Seals | Gordon, J., et al. | July 2015 | Report | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Use of Anthropogenic Sea Floor Structures by Australian Fur Seals: Potential Positive Ecological Impacts of Marine Industrial Development? | Arnould, J., et al. | July 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Static Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Grey Seals use Anthropogenic Signals from Acoustic Tags to Locate Fish: Evidence from a Simulated Foraging Task | Stansbury, A., et al. | January 2015 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Source Levels of the Underwater Calls of a Male Leopard Seal | Rogers, T. | October 2014 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Marine Mammals Trace Anthropogenic Structures at Sea | Russell, D., et al. | July 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| EMEC Billia Croo Wave Test Site: Wildlife Observations Project Annual Report | Marine Scotland | May 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wave | N/A | Birds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| EMEC Fall of Warness Tidal Test Site: Wildlife Observations Project Annual Report | Marine Scotland | May 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Birds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Movement Patterns of Seals in Tidally Energetic Sites: Implications for Renewable Energy Development | Hastie, G., et al. | May 2014 | Presentation | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| MERiFIC 3.3.3: Technical Report Biodiversity Assessment - Methods for Surveying Marine Mammal Biodiversity around Small Islands | Ingram, S. | May 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| The Sensitivity of UK Marine Mammal Populations to Marine Renewables Developments | Harwood, J., King, S. | March 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Pacific Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment (PaCSEA): Aerial Seabird and Marine Mammal Surveys off Northern California, Oregon, and Washington, 2011-2012 | Adams, J., et al. | March 2014 | Report | N/A | N/A | Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| MERiFIC 3.3.1: Collaborative Field Study Programme | Sotta, C., Witt, M., Le Niliot, P. | February 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general | Noise | Ecosystem, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Studies of Harbour Seal Behaviour in Areas of High Tidal Energy: Part 1. Movements and Diving Behaviour of Harbour Seals in Kyle Rhea | Thompson, D. | January 2014 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Modelling Harbour Seal Habitat by Combining Data from Multiple Tracking | Bailey, H., Hammond, P., Thompson, P. | January 2014 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| MERiFIC 3.3.2: Grey Seal Population Surveys of the Isles of Scilly and Parc Naturel Marin d'Iroise | Witt, M. | December 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Tracking Marine Mammals Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Using Active Sonar | Hastie, G. | July 2013 | Report | Marine Energy (General) | Collision, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| MR3 Methods for Tracking Fine Scale Movements of Marine Mammals around Marine Tidal Devices | McConnell, B., et al. | July 2013 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Criteria and Case Definitions for Serious Injury and Death of Pinnipeds and Cetaceans Caused by Anthropogenic Trauma | Moore, M., et al. | April 2013 | Journal Article | N/A | Dynamic Device, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Far-Reaching Effects of a Seal Scarer on Harbour Porpoises, Phocoena phocoena | Brandt, M., et al. | April 2013 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Hearing Threshold Shifts and Recovery in Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) after Octave-Band Noise Exposure at 4 kHz | Kastelein, R., et al. | July 2012 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Annex I: Movements and Diving Behaviour of Juvenile Grey Seals in Areas of High Tidal Energy | Thompson, D. | July 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Final Report on the Acoustic, Marine Mammal and Bird Monitoring Studies During Phase 1 Pile Driving Activities | ORPC Maine | June 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Haul-Out Behavior of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington | London, J., et al. | June 2012 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| The Assessment of Lethal Propeller Strike Injuries in Sea Mammals | Byard, R., et al. | April 2012 | Journal Article | Marine Energy general | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Scientific Advice on Matters Related to the Management of Seal Populations | Special Committee on Seals | January 2012 | Website | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Behavioural Responses of Harbour Seals to Human-Induced Disturbances | Andersen, S., et al. | January 2012 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Unusual Mortality of Pinnipeds in the United Kingdom Associated with Helical (Corkscrew) Injuries of Anthropogenic Origin | Bexton, S., et al. | January 2012 | Journal Article | N/A | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Behavioral Responses and Habituation of Pinnipeds and Small Cetaceans to Novel Objects and Simulated Fishing Gear With and Without a Pinger | Bowles, A., Anderson, C. | January 2012 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Analysis of Bird and Marine Mammal Data for Billia Croo Wave Test Site, Orkney | Robbins, A. | January 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wave | N/A | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Analysis of Bird and Marine Mammal Data for Fall of Warness Tidal Test Site, Orkney | Robbins, A. | January 2012 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Guidance on Survey and Monitoring in Relation to Marine Renewable Deployments in Scotland - Draft Reports | Royal Haskoning | September 2011 | Report | Marine Energy general | N/A | Benthic Invertebrates, Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Assessment of Risk to Marine Mammals from Underwater Marine Renewable Devices in Welsh Waters: Phase 2 - Studies of Marine Mammals in Welsh High Tidal Waters | Gordon, J., et al. | March 2011 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Utilisation of Space by Grey and Harbour Seals in the Pentland Firth and Orkney Waters | SMRU | January 2011 | Report | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Assessment of Collision Risk for Seals and Tidal Stream Turbines | Davies, I., Thompson, F. | January 2011 | Report | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Dynamic Device | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Fall of Warness HyTide 1000 Observational Data of Seal Haul-Outs During the Breeding Season |
Aquatera Ltd |
June 2010 | Dataset | Marine Energy general, Tidal | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Aversiveness of Sounds in Phocid Seals: Psycho-Physiological Factors, Learning Processes and Motivation | Götz, T., Janik, V. | January 2010 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| The Effect of Signal Duration on the Underwater Hearing Thresholds of Two Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) for Single Tonal Signals Between 0.2 and 40 kHz | Kastelein, R., et al. | December 2009 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Basic Mechanisms in Pinniped Vision | Hanke, F., et al. | December 2009 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Listening In | Riddoch, L. | August 2009 | Magazine Article | Marine Energy general, Tidal | Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Spatial and Seasonal Relationships Between Pacific Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) and their Prey, at Multiple Scales | Grigg, E., et al. | July 2009 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Ecosystem, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Underwater Hearing Sensitivity of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) for Narrow Noise Bands Between 0.2 and 80 kHz | Kastelein, R., et al. | April 2009 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Underwater Detection of Tonal Signals Between 0.125 and 100 kHz by Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) | Kastelein, R., et al. | November 2008 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Too loud to talk?: Do wind turbine-related sounds affect harbour seal communication? | Lucke, K., et al. | March 2008 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Seascapes of Fear: Evaluating Sublethal Predator Effects Experienced and Generated by Marine Mammals | Wirsing, A., et al. | January 2008 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: Initial Scientific Recommendations | Southall, B., et al. | December 2007 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| The Number and Distribution of Marine Mammals in the Fall of Warness, Orkney July 2006 - July 2007 | Lonergan, M., et al. | August 2007 | Report | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Lethal and Physical Injury of Marine Mammals and Requirements for Passive Acoustic Monitoring | Parvin, S., Nedwell, J., Harland, E. | February 2007 | Report | Marine Energy general | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| The Number and Distribution of Marine Mammals in the Fall of Warness, Orkney July 2005 - July 2006 | Duck, C., et al. | August 2006 | Report | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Underwater Auditory Localization by a Swimming Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) | Bodson, A., et al. | January 2006 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| The Influence of Underwater Data Transmission Sounds on the Displacement Behaviour of Captive Harbour Seals (Phoca vitulina) | Kastelein, R., et al. | April 2005 | Journal Article | N/A | Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Some Examples of Marine Mammal 'Discomfort Thresholds' in Relation to Man-Made Noise | Verboom, W., Kastelein, R. | January 2005 | Report | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary: Marine Mammals List | National Marine Sanctuaries | July 2004 | Website | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Marine Mammal Monitoring Plan: San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge East Span Seismic Safety Project | Caltrans | February 2004 | Report | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Auditory and Behavioral Responses of California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) to Single Underwater Impulses from an Arc-Gap Transducer | Finneran, J., et al. | August 2003 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Seal Predation on Salmon and Forage Fish Schools as a Function of Tidal Currents in the San Juan Islands, Washington, USA | Zamon, J. | December 2001 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Fish, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Hydrodynamic Trail-Following in Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) | Dehnhardt, G., et al. | July 2001 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Masking in Three Pinnipeds: Underwater, Low-Frequency Critical Ratios | Southall, B., Schusterman, R., Kastak, D. | June 2000 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Geographical Variation in Temporal and Spatial Vocalization Patterns of Male Harbour Seals in the Mating Season | Van Parijs, S., Hastie, G., Thompson, P. | December 1999 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Variability in Reactions of Pacific Harbor Seals, Phoca vitulina richardsi, to Disturbance | Suryan, R., Harvey, J. | May 1999 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Low-Frequency Amphibious Hearing in Pinnipeds: Methods, Measurements, Noise, and Ecology | Schusterman, R., Kastak, D. | January 1998 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Calculating Limits to the Allowable Human-Caused Mortality of Cetaceans and Pinnipeds | Wade, P. | January 1998 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds |
| Estimating Harbour Seal Abundance and Status in an Estuarine Habitat in North-East Scotland | Thompson, P., et al. | February 1997 | Journal Article | N/A | N/A | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
| Effects of Underwater Sounds on Escape Behavior of Steller Sea Lions | Akamatsu, T., et al. | January 1996 | Journal Article | N/A | Noise | Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds |
